Yucca baccata |
Yucca neomexicana |
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banana yucca, datil yucca, Spanish bayonet |
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Habit | Plants often forming open colonies of rosettes, acaulescent or short-caulescent, shorter than 2.5 m. Stems, if present, decumbent, 1–24, aerial or subterranean, simple or sometimes branched, to 2 m. Leaf blade erect, bluish green, concavo-convex, 30–100 × 2–6 cm, rigid, scabrous or glaucous, margins brown. | Plants cespitose, forming single or open colonies, each separated by 35–60 cm, acaulescent or rarely caulescent; rosettes usually small, mostly asymmetrical. | ||||
Stems | , when present, primarily rhizomatous, shorter than 1 m. Leaf blade spreading, including distal leaves, spatulate-lanceolate, concavo-convex, thin, widest near middle, 15–46 × 0.7–2 cm, flexible, rather glaucous, margins entire, filiferous, brown or straw-colored. |
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Inflorescences | erect, paniculate, dense, arising completely within to mostly extending beyond rosettes, ovoid, 6–8.2 dm, glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 0.8 m. Flowers pendent, 5–13 cm, nearly as wide; perianth campanulate; tepals connate basally to form shallow floral cup 7–12 mm, usually cream-colored, occasionally tinged with purple, 4.5–13 cm; filaments connate proximally into collarlike structure, 3.2–12 mm, fleshy, pubescent; anthers 5–7 mm; pistil 4.5–8 × 0.7–1.2 cm (usually 4–5(–7) times longer than broad); ovary 0.7–1.2 cm; style 5–7 mm; stigmas distinct. |
racemose, rarely paniculate proximally, arising within or more often 0–20 cm beyond rosettes, 4–7 dm; branches, when present, few, short; bracts reflexed when mature, purplish, narrowly triangular, proximal to 10 cm, distal 2–3 cm, tapering to pungent apex; peduncle sometimes scapelike, 0.1–0.4 m. Flowers pendent; perianth campanulate; tepals distinct, white to somewhat greenish white, usually tinged pink or purple, broadly lanceolate, 3–4.7 × 1.5–3 cm; filaments 1.3–1.7 cm; pistil 2.4–3.2 cm × 0.5–0.8 cm; style pale green or rarely white, 9–13 mm; stigmas lobed. |
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Fruits | pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 5–23 × 4–7.5 cm, fleshy, succulent. |
erect, capsular, dehiscent, cylindrical, deeply constricted near middle, 3–4.2 × 2–2.7 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
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Seeds | dull black, obovate, 7–11 mm diam., 3 mm thick, rugose. |
dull black, thin, 6–8 × 5–8 mm. |
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Yucca baccata |
Yucca neomexicana |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–early summer. | |||||
Habitat | Exposed rocky ledges in woodlands and grasslands | |||||
Elevation | 1500–2700 m (4900–8900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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CO; NM; OK |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Although J. L. Reveal (1977c) reduced Yucca neomexicana to a variety of Y. harrimaniae, the two taxa are morphologically and geographically distinct, and K. H. Clary’s (1997) DNA evidence supports their recognition as separate species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 427. | FNA vol. 26, p. 436. | ||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca | ||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Y. harrimaniae var. neomexicana | |||||
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 221. (1859) | Wooton & Standley: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 115. (1913) | ||||
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