Yucca baccata |
Yucca filamentosa |
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banana yucca, datil yucca, Spanish bayonet |
Adam's-needle, beargrass, needle palm, silkgrass |
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Habit | Plants often forming open colonies of rosettes, acaulescent or short-caulescent, shorter than 2.5 m. Stems, if present, decumbent, 1–24, aerial or subterranean, simple or sometimes branched, to 2 m. Leaf blade erect, bluish green, concavo-convex, 30–100 × 2–6 cm, rigid, scabrous or glaucous, margins brown. | Plants acaulescent or rarely caulescent, indistinctly arborescent, 1–4.6 m; rosettes usually small. | ||||
Stems | simple, 0–0.5 m. Leaf blade occasionally erect, proximal leaves often becoming reflexed near middle, lanceolate, flattened, abruptly narrowed and furrowed to apex, thin, widest near middle, 50–75 × 2–4 cm, usually soft and limp, scabrous, margins entire, long and curling, filiferous. |
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Inflorescences | erect, paniculate, dense, arising completely within to mostly extending beyond rosettes, ovoid, 6–8.2 dm, glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 0.8 m. Flowers pendent, 5–13 cm, nearly as wide; perianth campanulate; tepals connate basally to form shallow floral cup 7–12 mm, usually cream-colored, occasionally tinged with purple, 4.5–13 cm; filaments connate proximally into collarlike structure, 3.2–12 mm, fleshy, pubescent; anthers 5–7 mm; pistil 4.5–8 × 0.7–1.2 cm (usually 4–5(–7) times longer than broad); ovary 0.7–1.2 cm; style 5–7 mm; stigmas distinct. |
paniculate, arising beyond rosettes, ovoid, 7.5–15 dm, glabrous; bracts erect; peduncle scapelike, 1–3 m, less than 2.5 cm diam. |
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Flowers | pendent; perianth globose; tepals distinct, nearly white, ovate, 5–7 × 2–3 cm, glabrous, apex short-acuminate; filaments shorter than pistil; pistil 1.5–3.8 cm; stigmas lobed. |
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Fruits | pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 5–23 × 4–7.5 cm, fleshy, succulent. |
erect, capsular, dehiscent, oblong, 3.8–5 × 2 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
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Seeds | dull black, obovate, 7–11 mm diam., 3 mm thick, rugose. |
dull black, thin, 6 mm diam. |
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Yucca baccata |
Yucca filamentosa |
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Phenology | Flowering mid spring–early summer. | |||||
Habitat | Sandy soil | |||||
Distribution |
North America; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Yucca filamentosa is often cultivated and has become naturalized in some areas beyond its native range. Varieties that have been described are rarely recognized in recent literature. Yucca filamentosa and Y. flaccida are very closely related and perhaps are not distinct species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 427. | FNA vol. 26, p. 433. | ||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 221. (1859) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 319. (1753) | ||||
Web links |