Yucca baccata |
Yucca elata |
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banana yucca, datil yucca, Spanish bayonet |
palmella, soap-tree yucca, soap-weed yucca |
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Habit | Plants often forming open colonies of rosettes, acaulescent or short-caulescent, shorter than 2.5 m. Stems, if present, decumbent, 1–24, aerial or subterranean, simple or sometimes branched, to 2 m. Leaf blade erect, bluish green, concavo-convex, 30–100 × 2–6 cm, rigid, scabrous or glaucous, margins brown. | Plants solitary or forming small colonies of rosettes, caulescent or rarely acaulescent, distinctly arborescent, mostly few-branched, 1.2–4.5 m; rosettes usually large, symmetrical or asymmetrical. | ||||||||
Stems | 1–7 per colony, erect, thick, 1–1.5(–2.5) m. Leaf blade pale green, linear, widest near middle, 25–95 × 0.2–1.3 cm, flexible, margins entire, curled, filiferous, whitish, apex tapering to short spine. |
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Inflorescences | erect, paniculate, dense, arising completely within to mostly extending beyond rosettes, ovoid, 6–8.2 dm, glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 0.8 m. Flowers pendent, 5–13 cm, nearly as wide; perianth campanulate; tepals connate basally to form shallow floral cup 7–12 mm, usually cream-colored, occasionally tinged with purple, 4.5–13 cm; filaments connate proximally into collarlike structure, 3.2–12 mm, fleshy, pubescent; anthers 5–7 mm; pistil 4.5–8 × 0.7–1.2 cm (usually 4–5(–7) times longer than broad); ovary 0.7–1.2 cm; style 5–7 mm; stigmas distinct. |
mostly paniculate, sometimes distally racemose, arising beyond rosettes, mostly narrowly ovoid to ovoid, 7–15 × 2.5–6.5 dm; branches 0.7–3.5 dm; bracts erect; peduncle sometimes scapelike, 1–2 m, 2.5–5.5 cm diam. |
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Flowers | pendent; perianth campanulate or globose; tepals distinct, creamy white, often tinged green or pink, narrow to broadly elliptic or ovate, 3.2–5.7 × 1.3–3.2 cm; filaments 1.5–2.5(–3.2) cm, pubescent; anthers (2–)2.5–4.8 mm; pistil 2–3.2 × 0.6–1 cm; style white or pale green, 6–11 mm; stigmas lobed. |
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Fruits | pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 5–23 × 4–7.5 cm, fleshy, succulent. |
erect, capsular, dehiscent, oblong-cylindric, symmetrical or rarely constricted, 4–8.2 × 2–4 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
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Seeds | dull black, obovate, 7–11 mm diam., 3 mm thick, rugose. |
dull black, thin, 7–11(–14) mm diam. |
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Yucca baccata |
Yucca elata |
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Distribution |
North America; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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North America; Mexico
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). J. L. Reveal (1977c) reduced S. D. McKelvey’s (1938–1947) Yucca utahensis and Y. verdiensis to varieties of Y. elata based primarily u!pon growth forms. J. M. Webber (1953) considered that these taxa are populations of hybrids between members of the Y. glauca alliance of the Great Plains and Y. elata of the American Southwest. Reveal believed that Webber did not provide adequate justification for his hybrid hypothesis. K. H. Clary (1997, pers. comm.) believes that Y. utahensis is genetically distinct from Y. elata and Y. verdiensis, based on DNA evidence and the morphological characters of style, stigma, fruit, and leaf. Her DNA evidence shows that Y. elata and Y. verdiensis are sister taxa, while Y. utahensis is not. Although there is a great range of variation within Y. elata as circumscribed here, the two varieties recognized are difficult to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 427. | FNA vol. 26, p. 432. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca | ||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 221. (1859) | Engelmann: Bot. Gaz. 7: 17. (1882) | ||||||||
Web links |