Yucca baccata |
Yucca brevifolia |
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banana yucca, datil yucca, Spanish bayonet |
Joshua tree |
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Habit | Plants often forming open colonies of rosettes, acaulescent or short-caulescent, shorter than 2.5 m. Stems, if present, decumbent, 1–24, aerial or subterranean, simple or sometimes branched, to 2 m. Leaf blade erect, bluish green, concavo-convex, 30–100 × 2–6 cm, rigid, scabrous or glaucous, margins brown. | Plants usually solitary, erect, arborescent, to 15 m. Stems usually 1, occasionally several–many, simple or usually branched distally; branches 1–3 m. Leaf blade green, 15–35 × 0.7–1.5 cm, rigid, smooth, glabrous, margins nearly entire, minutely denticulate, yellow. | ||||
Inflorescences | erect, paniculate, dense, arising completely within to mostly extending beyond rosettes, ovoid, 6–8.2 dm, glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 0.8 m. Flowers pendent, 5–13 cm, nearly as wide; perianth campanulate; tepals connate basally to form shallow floral cup 7–12 mm, usually cream-colored, occasionally tinged with purple, 4.5–13 cm; filaments connate proximally into collarlike structure, 3.2–12 mm, fleshy, pubescent; anthers 5–7 mm; pistil 4.5–8 × 0.7–1.2 cm (usually 4–5(–7) times longer than broad); ovary 0.7–1.2 cm; style 5–7 mm; stigmas distinct. |
erect, paniculate, densely crowded, ca. 1/2 enclosed in rosettes, ellipsoid-ovoid, 3–5.5 × 3–3.8 dm, glabrous. |
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Flowers | erect, 4–7 cm; perianth oblong-ellipsoid to globose; tepals barely connate at base, greenish white to cream, lanceolate to oblong, 2.5–7 × 1.1–2.2 cm; filaments 1–1.2 cm; anthers 3–3.2 mm, short-pubescent to papillate; pistil 2–3.5 cm; ovary ovoid, 2.5–3 cm, longer than broad; style ca. 1.6 mm; stigmas distinct. |
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Fruits | pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 5–23 × 4–7.5 cm, fleshy, succulent. |
pendent, capsular, indehiscent, deeply furrowed, ellipsoid, 6–8.5 cm, dry, spongy. |
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Seeds | dull black, obovate, 7–11 mm diam., 3 mm thick, rugose. |
dull black, thin, 8–12 mm diam., smooth. |
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Yucca baccata |
Yucca brevifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering late winter–mid spring. | |||||
Habitat | Deserts | |||||
Elevation | 400–1800 m (1300–5900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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AZ; CA; NV; UT
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
There is disagreement regarding the status of entities within Yucca brevifolia. S. D. McKelvey (1935) described var. jaegeriana, the miniature Joshua tree, and L. D. Benson and R. A. Darrow (1981) recognized the variety as well; however, J. L. Reveal (1977c) declined to recognize it, a decision with which we agree. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 427. | FNA vol. 26, p. 426. | ||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Y. draconis var. arborescens, Cleistoyucca arborescens, Cleistoyucca brevifolia, Y. arborescens, Y. brevifolia var. herbertii, Y. brevifolia var. jaegeriana | |||||
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 221. (1859) | Engelmann: in S. Watson, Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 496. (1871) | ||||
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