Yucca baccata |
Yucca aloifolia |
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banana yucca, datil yucca, Spanish bayonet |
aloe yucca, dagger plant, Spanish bayonet |
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Habit | Plants often forming open colonies of rosettes, acaulescent or short-caulescent, shorter than 2.5 m. Stems, if present, decumbent, 1–24, aerial or subterranean, simple or sometimes branched, to 2 m. Leaf blade erect, bluish green, concavo-convex, 30–100 × 2–6 cm, rigid, scabrous or glaucous, margins brown. | Plants forming colonies of rosettes, arborescent, to 7 m. Stems 1–3, erect or somewhat declining, simple or sparingly branched. | ||||
Leaf | blade erect, dark green, flattened or slightly concave, thick, 12–40 × 2.5–6 cm, rigid, margins sharply denticulate or entire, rarely filiferous with straight fibers. |
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Inflorescences | erect, paniculate, dense, arising completely within to mostly extending beyond rosettes, ovoid, 6–8.2 dm, glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 0.8 m. Flowers pendent, 5–13 cm, nearly as wide; perianth campanulate; tepals connate basally to form shallow floral cup 7–12 mm, usually cream-colored, occasionally tinged with purple, 4.5–13 cm; filaments connate proximally into collarlike structure, 3.2–12 mm, fleshy, pubescent; anthers 5–7 mm; pistil 4.5–8 × 0.7–1.2 cm (usually 4–5(–7) times longer than broad); ovary 0.7–1.2 cm; style 5–7 mm; stigmas distinct. |
pendent, paniculate, arising 1/4–1/2 within rosettes, somewhat conical, 4.5–6.1 dm, glabrous or slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 3 dm. |
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Flowers | pendent, to 7 cm; perianth globose; tepals spreading, connate basally for less than 1 mm, creamy white tinged with green or purple near base, lanceolate, 3–4 × 1.2–2.2 cm; filaments ca. 2 cm; anthers 2–3 mm; pistil light green, 3–4 × 0.8–1 cm; ovary stipitate, 2–5 cm; style 5 mm; stigmas distinct. |
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Fruits | pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 5–23 × 4–7.5 cm, fleshy, succulent. |
pendent, baccate, without core, indehiscent, 3.5–5 × 2–2.6 cm, with fleshy, succulent, purple pulp. |
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Seeds | dull black, obovate, 7–11 mm diam., 3 mm thick, rugose. |
dull black, round-ovate, 5–7 mm diam., 2.5 mm thick. |
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Yucca baccata |
Yucca aloifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering fall. | |||||
Habitat | Sand dunes or shell mounds near coasts | |||||
Elevation | 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Yucca aloifolia has been widely cultivated, and horticultural forms (or varieties, depending upon the source) differ in the striping of yellow and white on the leaves. Results of DNA studies by K. H. Clary (1997) show a close relationship between this species and Y. gloriosa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 427. | FNA vol. 26, p. 429. | ||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Y. serrulata | |||||
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 221. (1859) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 319. (1753) | ||||
Web links |