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northern yellow-eyed-grass, xyris de montagne, xyris des montagnes

common yelloweyed grass, slender yellow-eyed-grass

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 5–30 cm. Herbs, perennial, cespitose or solitary, 15–80(–100) cm, base abruptly bulbous.
Stems

compact.

compact.

Leaves

in narrow fans, 4–15 cm;

sheaths reddish, soft, papillate;

blade deep green, narrowly linear, 0.8–2(–3) mm wide, smooth, margins smooth to papillate.

ascending to erect, 20–50 cm;

sheath base often reddened or pink;

blade green, elongate-linear, twisted, 2–5 mm wide, smooth to papillate, with strongly raised veins, margins smooth or papillate.

Inflorescences

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, wiry, terete, (0.25–)0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide, distally with 2–4 ribs, ribs papillate;

spikes broadly to narrowly ellipsoid or ovoid, 4–8 mm;

fertile bracts 3–4(–4.5) mm, margins erose or minutely fimbriolate, sometimes with narrow reddish border, apex very slightly to slightly keeled.

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, flexuous, 1–1.5(–2) mm wide, distally 5–6-ribbed, ribs smooth or papillate;

spikes globose to ovoid, ellipsoid, lanceoloid, or cylindric, 8–25 mm, apex acute or blunt;

fertile bracts 5–7 mm, margins entire except for red fimbriololation at rounded apex.

Flowers

lateral sepals slightly exserted, straight, 4.2–4.7 mm, keel scarious, entire or apically lacerate, apex red, narrow, firm;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 3–4 mm;

staminodes bearded.

lateral sepals included, strongly curved, 4.5–5.5 mm;

keel firm, ciliate except for red-fimbriloolate tip;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 4 mm;

staminodes bearded.

Seeds

translucent, narrowly ellipsoid, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm, finely lined.

translucent, ellipsoid, 0.5 mm, strongly ridged longitudinally with finer cross-lines.

2n

= 18.

Xyris montana

Xyris torta

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering late spring–fall.
Habitat Sphagnous bogs, poor fens, acid seeps, shores of glacial lakes, streams, muskegs, or floating bog mats Sphagnous bogs, streambanks, pond shores, wet sandy swales, moist disturbed sites, various physiographic provinces
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 100–1200 m (300–3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Most or all known populations of this species fall within the boundaries of Wisconsin glaciation. The long stems (a trait not known for other North American species) are a response to the burial of the clump bases in deep sphagnum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Although I have seen no records from Maine, Xyris torta is to be expected there.

Xyris torta is the widest-ranging of all North American xyrids and the most expressive ecologically; thus it is not surprising that it varies so much morphologically. It is much ofthen confused in older nomenclature literature with X. caroliniana. Xyris torta is the type species for the genus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Xyridaceae > Xyris Xyridaceae > Xyris
Sibling taxa
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. montana, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis
Synonyms X. flexuosa var. pusilla, X. papillosa Kotsjelottia flexuosa, X. bulbosa
Name authority Ries: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 38. (1892) Smith: in A. Rees, The Cyclopaedia 39: Xyris no. 11. (1819)
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