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northern yellow-eyed-grass, xyris de montagne, xyris des montagnes

Tennessee yelloweyed grass

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 5–30 cm. Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 30–70 cm, base bulbous in maturity.
Stems

compact.

compact.

Leaves

in narrow fans, 4–15 cm;

sheaths reddish, soft, papillate;

blade deep green, narrowly linear, 0.8–2(–3) mm wide, smooth, margins smooth to papillate.

ascending, 15–45 cm;

sheaths soft, base pink or red;

blade deep green, linear, flattened, somewhat twisted, 5–10 mm wide, smooth, margins somewhat scabrous.

Inflorescences

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, wiry, terete, (0.25–)0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide, distally with 2–4 ribs, ribs papillate;

spikes broadly to narrowly ellipsoid or ovoid, 4–8 mm;

fertile bracts 3–4(–4.5) mm, margins erose or minutely fimbriolate, sometimes with narrow reddish border, apex very slightly to slightly keeled.

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, terete, distally somewhat compressed, 1 mm wide, 2–5-ribbed, ribs papillate;

spikes ellipsoid to broadly ovoid, 10–15 mm;

fertile bracts (5.5–)6–6.5(–7) mm wide, margins entire, apex rounded.

Flowers

lateral sepals slightly exserted, straight, 4.2–4.7 mm, keel scarious, entire or apically lacerate, apex red, narrow, firm;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 3–4 mm;

staminodes bearded.

lateral sepals included, slightly curved, (4.5–)5 mm wide, keel scarious, lacerate;

petals unfolding midday, blade obovate, 4.5 mm;

staminodes bearded.

Seeds

translucent, narrowly ellipsoid, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm, finely lined.

opaque, ellipsoid, 0.5-0.6 mm, finely and irregularly ridged.

2n

= 18.

Xyris montana

Xyris tennesseensis

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Sphagnous bogs, poor fens, acid seeps, shores of glacial lakes, streams, muskegs, or floating bog mats Fens and seeps over calcareous rock, streambanks in calcareous districts
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 0–250 m (0–800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; GA; TN
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Most or all known populations of this species fall within the boundaries of Wisconsin glaciation. The long stems (a trait not known for other North American species) are a response to the burial of the clump bases in deep sphagnum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Xyris tennesseensis is unusual in habitat since because its sites are usually basic and its associates are fen or basic soil plants.

Of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Xyridaceae > Xyris Xyridaceae > Xyris
Sibling taxa
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. montana, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. torta
Synonyms X. flexuosa var. pusilla, X. papillosa
Name authority Ries: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 38. (1892) Kral: Rhodora 80: 444, figs. a–e. (1978)
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