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northern yellow-eyed-grass, xyris de montagne, xyris des montagnes

Small's yellow-eyed-grass

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 5–30 cm. Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 50–150 cm.
Stems

compact.

compact.

Leaves

in narrow fans, 4–15 cm;

sheaths reddish, soft, papillate;

blade deep green, narrowly linear, 0.8–2(–3) mm wide, smooth, margins smooth to papillate.

ascending in narrow fans, (19–)30–50(–60) cm;

sheaths pinkish or pale red, soft, smooth;

blade pale green proximally, distally deep lustrous green, linear, flattened, plane, 5–15 mm wide, margins smooth.

Inflorescences

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, wiry, terete, (0.25–)0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide, distally with 2–4 ribs, ribs papillate;

spikes broadly to narrowly ellipsoid or ovoid, 4–8 mm;

fertile bracts 3–4(–4.5) mm, margins erose or minutely fimbriolate, sometimes with narrow reddish border, apex very slightly to slightly keeled.

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, straight, distally slightly compressed, 1–2 mm wide, smooth, 2-ribbed;

spikes ovoid to ellipsoid or cylindric, 10–20(–25) mm, apex usually blunt;

fertile bracts 5–8 mm, margins entire, apex rounded.

Flowers

lateral sepals slightly exserted, straight, 4.2–4.7 mm, keel scarious, entire or apically lacerate, apex red, narrow, firm;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 3–4 mm;

staminodes bearded.

lateral sepals slightly to conspicuously exserted, slightly curved, 6–8 mm, keel scarious, apex not red, broad, thin, lacerate;

petals unfolding in afternoon, blade obovate, 5–6 mm;

staminodes bearded.

Seeds

translucent, narrowly ellipsoid, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm, finely lined.

translucent, narrowly ellipsoid to ovoid, (0.6–)0.7(–0.8 mm), irregularly ridged and cross-ridged.

2n

= 18.

Xyris montana

Xyris smalliana

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Sphagnous bogs, poor fens, acid seeps, shores of glacial lakes, streams, muskegs, or floating bog mats Sandy or peaty shallows and shores of ponds and sluggish acidic streams
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; RI; SC; TX; West Indies (Cuba); Mexico (Tabasco); West Indies (Cuba); Central America (Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Most or all known populations of this species fall within the boundaries of Wisconsin glaciation. The long stems (a trait not known for other North American species) are a response to the burial of the clump bases in deep sphagnum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Although no specimens were seen for Virginia, Xyris smalliana is to be expected there.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Xyridaceae > Xyris Xyridaceae > Xyris
Sibling taxa
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. montana, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
Synonyms X. flexuosa var. pusilla, X. papillosa X. caroliniana var. olneyi, X. congdonii, X. smalliana var. congdonii, X. smalliana var. olneyi
Name authority Ries: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 38. (1892) Nash: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 22:159. (1895)
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