Xyris montana |
Xyris smalliana |
|
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northern yellow-eyed-grass, xyris de montagne, xyris des montagnes |
Small's yellow-eyed-grass |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 5–30 cm. | Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 50–150 cm. |
Stems | compact. |
compact. |
Leaves | in narrow fans, 4–15 cm; sheaths reddish, soft, papillate; blade deep green, narrowly linear, 0.8–2(–3) mm wide, smooth, margins smooth to papillate. |
ascending in narrow fans, (19–)30–50(–60) cm; sheaths pinkish or pale red, soft, smooth; blade pale green proximally, distally deep lustrous green, linear, flattened, plane, 5–15 mm wide, margins smooth. |
Inflorescences | scape sheaths exceeded by leaves; scapes linear, wiry, terete, (0.25–)0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide, distally with 2–4 ribs, ribs papillate; spikes broadly to narrowly ellipsoid or ovoid, 4–8 mm; fertile bracts 3–4(–4.5) mm, margins erose or minutely fimbriolate, sometimes with narrow reddish border, apex very slightly to slightly keeled. |
scape sheaths exceeded by leaves; scapes linear, straight, distally slightly compressed, 1–2 mm wide, smooth, 2-ribbed; spikes ovoid to ellipsoid or cylindric, 10–20(–25) mm, apex usually blunt; fertile bracts 5–8 mm, margins entire, apex rounded. |
Flowers | lateral sepals slightly exserted, straight, 4.2–4.7 mm, keel scarious, entire or apically lacerate, apex red, narrow, firm; petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 3–4 mm; staminodes bearded. |
lateral sepals slightly to conspicuously exserted, slightly curved, 6–8 mm, keel scarious, apex not red, broad, thin, lacerate; petals unfolding in afternoon, blade obovate, 5–6 mm; staminodes bearded. |
Seeds | translucent, narrowly ellipsoid, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm, finely lined. |
translucent, narrowly ellipsoid to ovoid, (0.6–)0.7(–0.8 mm), irregularly ridged and cross-ridged. |
2n | = 18. |
|
Xyris montana |
Xyris smalliana |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sphagnous bogs, poor fens, acid seeps, shores of glacial lakes, streams, muskegs, or floating bog mats | Sandy or peaty shallows and shores of ponds and sluggish acidic streams |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC
|
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; RI; SC; TX; West Indies (Cuba); Mexico (Tabasco); West Indies (Cuba); Central America (Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua)
|
Discussion | Most or all known populations of this species fall within the boundaries of Wisconsin glaciation. The long stems (a trait not known for other North American species) are a response to the burial of the clump bases in deep sphagnum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Although no specimens were seen for Virginia, Xyris smalliana is to be expected there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Xyridaceae > Xyris | Xyridaceae > Xyris |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | X. flexuosa var. pusilla, X. papillosa | X. caroliniana var. olneyi, X. congdonii, X. smalliana var. congdonii, X. smalliana var. olneyi |
Name authority | Ries: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 38. (1892) | Nash: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 22:159. (1895) |
Web links |