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northern yellow-eyed-grass, xyris de montagne, xyris des montagnes

fringe yelloweyed grass

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 5–30 cm. Herbs, perennial, usually cespitose, 60–150 cm, base shallowly set.
Stems

compact.

compact.

Leaves

in narrow fans, 4–15 cm;

sheaths reddish, soft, papillate;

blade deep green, narrowly linear, 0.8–2(–3) mm wide, smooth, margins smooth to papillate.

in fans, 40–70 cm;

base dull, straw-colored, green, or pinkish;

blade lustrous green, broadly linear, flat or slightly twisted, 5–25 mm, smooth, margins papillate.

Inflorescences

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, wiry, terete, (0.25–)0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide, distally with 2–4 ribs, ribs papillate;

spikes broadly to narrowly ellipsoid or ovoid, 4–8 mm;

fertile bracts 3–4(–4.5) mm, margins erose or minutely fimbriolate, sometimes with narrow reddish border, apex very slightly to slightly keeled.

scape sheaths much exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, 1–1.5 mm wide, distally scabrous, 2-ribbed, ribs harsh;

spikes ovoid to ellipsoid, 12–25 mm, apex blunt;

fertile bracts 5–8 mm, margins nearly entire, apex rounded.

Flowers

lateral sepals slightly exserted, straight, 4.2–4.7 mm, keel scarious, entire or apically lacerate, apex red, narrow, firm;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 3–4 mm;

staminodes bearded.

lateral sepals conspicuously exserted, yellow-brown, nearly straight, (5.5–)6–8(–9) mm, keel firm, long-fimbriate with pale hairs;

petals unfolding in late morning, blade obovate, 5–8 mm;

staminodes bearded.

Seeds

translucent, narrowly ellipsoid, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm, finely lined.

translucent, cylindro-fusiform, 0.8–1 mm, with broad, flat, pale longitudinal ribs.

2n

= 18.

Xyris montana

Xyris fimbriata

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering summer–fall (all year south).
Habitat Sphagnous bogs, poor fens, acid seeps, shores of glacial lakes, streams, muskegs, or floating bog mats Peats and mucks of pond shallows, sluggish shallow streams, bogs, seeps, low pine savanna
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 0–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Most or all known populations of this species fall within the boundaries of Wisconsin glaciation. The long stems (a trait not known for other North American species) are a response to the burial of the clump bases in deep sphagnum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Xyridaceae > Xyris Xyridaceae > Xyris
Sibling taxa
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. montana, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
Synonyms X. flexuosa var. pusilla, X. papillosa
Name authority Ries: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 38. (1892) Elliott
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