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northern yellow-eyed-grass, xyris de montagne, xyris des montagnes

Baldwin's yelloweyed grass

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 5–30 cm. Herbs, perennial, densely cespitose, 15–40(–50) cm.
Stems

compact.

Leaves

in narrow fans, 4–15 cm;

sheaths reddish, soft, papillate;

blade deep green, narrowly linear, 0.8–2(–3) mm wide, smooth, margins smooth to papillate.

erect or ascending, 10–30 cm;

sheaths glossy light brown or red-brown, firm;

blade green, linear to filiform, often angularly terete, or sulcate, rarely to 1mm wide.

Inflorescences

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, wiry, terete, (0.25–)0.5–0.8(–1) mm wide, distally with 2–4 ribs, ribs papillate;

spikes broadly to narrowly ellipsoid or ovoid, 4–8 mm;

fertile bracts 3–4(–4.5) mm, margins erose or minutely fimbriolate, sometimes with narrow reddish border, apex very slightly to slightly keeled.

scape sheaths exceeded by leaves;

scapes linear, straight or flexuous, terete, 1 mm wide, rarely 1-ribbed;

spikes ovoid to ellipsoid, 4–7 mm, apex acute;

fertile bracts 4–5 mm, margins entire or erose, apex rounded.

Flowers

lateral sepals slightly exserted, straight, 4.2–4.7 mm, keel scarious, entire or apically lacerate, apex red, narrow, firm;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, 3–4 mm;

staminodes bearded.

lateral sepals included, reddish brown, slightly curved, less than 5 mm, keel scarious, lacerate from middle to tip;

petals unfolding in morning, blade obovate, to 5 mm;

staminodes beardless.

Seeds

translucent, narrowly ellipsoid, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm, finely lined.

translucent, fusiform to cylindric, (0.7–)0.8–1 mm, finely lined longitudinally.

2n

= 18.

Xyris montana

Xyris baldwiniana

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering late spring–fall.
Habitat Sphagnous bogs, poor fens, acid seeps, shores of glacial lakes, streams, muskegs, or floating bog mats Moist to wet sands, sandy peats of bogs, pine savanna, ditches and low cleared areas, coastal plain
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Mexico (Chiapas); Central America (Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Most or all known populations of this species fall within the boundaries of Wisconsin glaciation. The long stems (a trait not known for other North American species) are a response to the burial of the clump bases in deep sphagnum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The beardless staminodes and the long, translucent seeds distinguish Xyris baldwiniana. Its leaf blades vary from terete to flat, and in eastern Texas and North Carolina the flat-leaved ones have been mistaken for X. elliottii. This same problem exists in Floridian narrow-leaved X. elliottii, which bears a strong resemblance to X. baldwiniana but has bearded staminodes and larger spikes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Xyridaceae > Xyris Xyridaceae > Xyris
Sibling taxa
X. ambigua, X. baldwiniana, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
X. ambigua, X. brevifolia, X. caroliniana, X. difformis, X. drummondii, X. elliottii, X. fimbriata, X. flabelliformis, X. isoetifolia, X. jupicai, X. laxifolia, X. longisepala, X. montana, X. platylepis, X. scabrifolia, X. serotina, X. smalliana, X. stricta, X. tennesseensis, X. torta
Synonyms X. flexuosa var. pusilla, X. papillosa X. baldwiniana var. tenuifolia, X. juncea, X. setacea
Name authority Ries: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 38. (1892) Schultes: in J. A. Schultes and J. H. Schultes, Mant. 1: 351. (1822)
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