Vitis vulpina |
Vitis girdiana |
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chicken grape, fox grape, frost grape, vigne des renards, wild grape, winter grape |
desert wild grape, Southern California grape, Southern California or desert wild grape, Southern California wild grape |
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Habit | Plants moderate to high climbing, sparsely branched. | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1–2.5 mm thick; branchlets gray to green or brown, if purplish only on one side, terete, glabrous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets terete to slightly angled, tomentose, tomentum usually persistent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate, (5–)9–18 cm, usually unlobed or shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes deeply lobed on ground shoots, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrous, visible, veins and vein axils sometimes hirtellous, adaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirtellous. |
stipules usually 3.5+ mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate, 5–10 cm, usually unlobed, sometimes 3-shouldered, rarely shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to densely tomentose, visible through hairs, adaxial surface sparsely to moderately tomentose, glabrescent. |
Inflorescences | 9–19 cm. |
8–18 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | black, usually not, sometimes very slightly, glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
dark purple to black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 4–6 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis vulpina |
Vitis girdiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering May; fruiting Jul–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Upland forests, floodplain forests, woodland borders, prairies, fencerows, thickets, roadsides. | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. |
Elevation | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) | 10–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON
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CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Vitis girdiana is known from Inyo, Kern, and Santa Barbara counties and southward. It is morphologically very similar to and intergrades and hybridizes with V. californica in central California. Hybridization with V. vinifera is also probable, making identifications of some specimens quite difficult. Vitis girdiana intergrades also with V. arizonica in eastern Inyo and San Bernardino counties near the California-Nevada border. The V. californica-girdiana-arizonica species complex is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 15. | FNA vol. 12, p. 12. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. cordifolia, V. cordifolia var. sempervirens, V. illex, V. pullaria | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 203. (1753) | Munson: Proc. Annual Meetings Soc. Promot. Agric. Sci. 8: 59. (1887) |
Web links |