Vitis vulpina |
Vitis arizonica |
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chicken grape, fox grape, frost grape, vigne des renards, wild grape, winter grape |
canyon grape |
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Habit | Plants moderate to high climbing, sparsely branched. | Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1–2.5 mm thick; branchlets gray to green or brown, if purplish only on one side, terete, glabrous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate, (5–)9–18 cm, usually unlobed or shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes deeply lobed on ground shoots, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrous, visible, veins and vein axils sometimes hirtellous, adaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirtellous. |
stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous. |
Inflorescences | 9–19 cm. |
4–12 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | black, usually not, sometimes very slightly, glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis vulpina |
Vitis arizonica |
|
Phenology | Flowering May; fruiting Jul–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Upland forests, floodplain forests, woodland borders, prairies, fencerows, thickets, roadsides. | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. |
Elevation | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) | 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON
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AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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Discussion | Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 15. | FNA vol. 12, p. 13. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. cordifolia, V. cordifolia var. sempervirens, V. illex, V. pullaria | V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 203. (1753) | Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) |
Web links |