Vitis riparia |
Vitis vulpina |
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frost grape, river grape, river-bank grape, vigne de rivages |
chicken grape, fox grape, frost grape, vigne des renards, wild grape, winter grape |
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Habit | Plants usually moderate to high climbing, sometimes sprawling, sparsely branched. | Plants moderate to high climbing, sparsely branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms to 0.5 mm thick; branchlets terete, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous, growing tips enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1–2.5 mm thick; branchlets gray to green or brown, if purplish only on one side, terete, glabrous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 3–5 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate, 6–20 cm, 3-shouldered to shallowly 3-lobed, apex short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrate, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils hirtellous, adaxial surface glabrous. |
stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate, (5–)9–18 cm, usually unlobed or shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes deeply lobed on ground shoots, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrous, visible, veins and vein axils sometimes hirtellous, adaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirtellous. |
Inflorescences | (4–)9–12 cm. |
9–19 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | black, heavily glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
black, usually not, sometimes very slightly, glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis riparia |
Vitis vulpina |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. | Flowering May; fruiting Jul–Aug. |
Habitat | Stream and riverbanks, pond margins, alluvial woodlands, ravines, thickets, roadsides, fencerows. | Upland forests, floodplain forests, woodland borders, prairies, fencerows, thickets, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–2200 m. (0–7200 ft.) | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK
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AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON
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Discussion | Vitis riparia is native throughout much of its range. It has become naturalized in a few locations in Saskatchewan, Oregon, and Washington. Plants on dunes around the Great Lakes with hairier petioles and leaf blades sometimes have been recognized as var. syrticola; variation in hairiness is essentially continuous, however, and the form is not worthy of taxonomic recognition (P. M. Catling and G. Mitrow 2005). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 11. | FNA vol. 12, p. 15. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. cordifolia var. riparia, V. riparia var. syrticola, V. vulpina subsp. riparia, V. vulpina var. syrticola | V. cordifolia, V. cordifolia var. sempervirens, V. illex, V. pullaria |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 231. (1803) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 203. (1753) |
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