Vitis riparia
Vitis labrusca
frost grape, river grape, river-bank grape, vigne de rivages
fox grape, fox grape-vine, vigne lambruche
bark exfoliating in shreds;
nodal diaphragms to 0.5 mm thick;
branchlets terete, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous, growing tips enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy;
tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;
nodes not red-banded.
bark exfoliating in shreds;
nodal diaphragms 0.5–2.5 mm thick;
branchlets terete, densely tomentose to arachnoid-floccose or glabrous, sometimes with spinose, gland-tipped hairs, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves;
tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at almost all nodes;
nodes not red-banded.
stipules 3–5 mm;
petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade;
blade cordate, 6–20 cm, 3-shouldered to shallowly 3-lobed, apex short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrate, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils hirtellous, adaxial surface glabrous.
stipules 2–4 mm;
petiole ± equaling blade;
blade cordate, usually 3-shouldered, sometimes unlobed or deeply 3(–5)-lobed, 10–20 cm, apex usually acute, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely and persistently arachnoid, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent.
(4–)9–12 cm.
6–14 cm.
functionally unisexual.
functionally unisexual.
black, heavily glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp;
lenticels absent.
black, usually not, sometimes slightly, glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp;
lenticels absent.
= 38.
= 38.
Vitis riparia
Vitis labrusca
Vitis riparia is native throughout much of its range. It has become naturalized in a few locations in Saskatchewan, Oregon, and Washington. Plants on dunes around the Great Lakes with hairier petioles and leaf blades sometimes have been recognized as var. syrticola; variation in hairiness is essentially continuous, however, and the form is not worthy of taxonomic recognition (P. M. Catling and G. Mitrow 2005).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Hybrids between Vitis labrusca and V. vinifera, such as "Concord," are widely cultivated. The Concord grape is the result of crosses with V. vinifera as the maternal parent and V. labrusca as the paternal parent, with the F1 backcrossed with V. labrusca as the paternal parent (J. Wen, unpubl.). Vitis ×labruscana L. H. Bailey is the name applied to these hybrids between V. labrusca and V. vinifera, some of which have escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Utah, and western British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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