Vitis riparia |
Vitis arizonica |
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frost grape, river grape, river-bank grape, vigne de rivages |
canyon grape |
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Habit | Plants usually moderate to high climbing, sometimes sprawling, sparsely branched. | Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms to 0.5 mm thick; branchlets terete, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous, growing tips enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 3–5 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate, 6–20 cm, 3-shouldered to shallowly 3-lobed, apex short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrate, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils hirtellous, adaxial surface glabrous. |
stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous. |
Inflorescences | (4–)9–12 cm. |
4–12 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | black, heavily glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis riparia |
Vitis arizonica |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Stream and riverbanks, pond margins, alluvial woodlands, ravines, thickets, roadsides, fencerows. | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. |
Elevation | 0–2200 m. (0–7200 ft.) | 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC; SK
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AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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Discussion | Vitis riparia is native throughout much of its range. It has become naturalized in a few locations in Saskatchewan, Oregon, and Washington. Plants on dunes around the Great Lakes with hairier petioles and leaf blades sometimes have been recognized as var. syrticola; variation in hairiness is essentially continuous, however, and the form is not worthy of taxonomic recognition (P. M. Catling and G. Mitrow 2005). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 11. | FNA vol. 12, p. 13. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. cordifolia var. riparia, V. riparia var. syrticola, V. vulpina subsp. riparia, V. vulpina var. syrticola | V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 231. (1803) | Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) |
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