Flora of North America species comparison

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Vitis mustangensis

Vitis rupestris

mustang grape

rock grape, sand grape
Habit Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched.
Branches

bark exfoliating in shreds;

nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick;

branchlets subterete to terete, densely to sparsely tomentose, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves;

tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;

nodes not red-banded.

bark tardily exfoliating in plates;

nodal diaphragms to 1 mm thick;

branchlets terete, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirtellous, growing tips enveloped by unfolding leaves;

tendrils absent or only at distalmost nodes, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;

nodes not red-banded.
Leaves

stipules 1.5–4 mm;

petiole 1/2–3/4 blade;

blade cordate to nearly reniform, 6–14 cm, usually unlobed but sometimes 3-shouldered or deeply 3–5 lobed, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely white to rusty tomentose, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surface floccose to glabrate.

stipules 3–6.5 mm;

petiole 1/2 blade;

blade reniform, conduplicately folded, 5–10 cm, apex acute to short acuminate, usually 3-shouldered, rarely shallowly 3-lobed, abaxial surface not glaucous, usually glabrous, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes sparsely hirtellous, adaxial surface usually glabrous.
Inflorescences

4–10 cm.

4–7 cm.
Flowers

functionally unisexual.

functionally unisexual.
Berries

usually black, sometimes dark red, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp;

lenticels absent.

black, slightly glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp;

lenticels absent.
2n

= 38.

= 38.

Vitis mustangensis

Vitis rupestris
Phenology Flowering Apr–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Aug–Sep.
Habitat Woodland edges, fencerows, thickets, lowland woods, disturbed areas. Gravelly banks, river bottoms, stream beds, washes, often calcareous soils.
Elevation 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.) 70–500 m. (200–1600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; LA; MS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; DC; IN; KY; MD; MO; OK; PA; TN; TX; VA; WV
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In several early publications (for example, T. V. Munson 1909), Vitis mustangensis was known as V. candicans Engelmann ex A. Gray. M. O. Moore (1991) argued that the name V. candicans is ambiguous and not identifiable with any species based on the original description, making the more recent name V. mustangensis the valid and legitimate one for this species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Vitis rupestris once was widely scattered throughout most of its range, but now mostly is rare and may have been extirpated in many locations, apparently due to habitat loss. It is most common in the Ozark region of northern Arkansas and the southern half of Missouri, but is imperiled elsewhere (http://explorer.natureserve.org). It is persisting from cultivation in California and some other locations (J. Wen, pers. obs.; E. B. Wada and M. A. Walker, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=48433). Reports from Illinois were based on misidentifications (R. H. Mohlenbrock 2014). The species was used to develop many grape hybrids due to its resistance to disease (J. Gerrath et al. 2015)

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 10. FNA vol. 12, p. 10.
Parent taxa Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis
Sibling taxa
V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, V. arizonica, V. californica, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. monticola, V. palmata, V. riparia, V. rotundifolia, V. rupestris, V. shuttleworthii, V. vinifera, V. vulpina, V. ×champinii, V. ×doaniana, V. ×novae-angliae
V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, V. arizonica, V. californica, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. monticola, V. mustangensis, V. palmata, V. riparia, V. rotundifolia, V. shuttleworthii, V. vinifera, V. vulpina, V. ×champinii, V. ×doaniana, V. ×novae-angliae
Synonyms V. candicans var. diversa, V. mustangensis var. diversa V. rupestris var. dissecta
Name authority Buckley: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 451. (1862) Scheele: Linnaea 21: 591. (1848)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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