Vitis mustangensis |
Vitis labrusca |
|
---|---|---|
mustang grape |
fox grape, fox grape-vine, vigne lambruche |
|
Habit | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets subterete to terete, densely to sparsely tomentose, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 0.5–2.5 mm thick; branchlets terete, densely tomentose to arachnoid-floccose or glabrous, sometimes with spinose, gland-tipped hairs, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at almost all nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 1.5–4 mm; petiole 1/2–3/4 blade; blade cordate to nearly reniform, 6–14 cm, usually unlobed but sometimes 3-shouldered or deeply 3–5 lobed, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely white to rusty tomentose, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surface floccose to glabrate. |
stipules 2–4 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate, usually 3-shouldered, sometimes unlobed or deeply 3(–5)-lobed, 10–20 cm, apex usually acute, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely and persistently arachnoid, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
Inflorescences | 4–10 cm. |
6–14 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | usually black, sometimes dark red, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
black, usually not, sometimes slightly, glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis mustangensis |
Vitis labrusca |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. | Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct. |
Habitat | Woodland edges, fencerows, thickets, lowland woods, disturbed areas. | Upland and lowland woods and forests, intermittently flooded bottomlands, forest edges, thickets, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.) | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; LA; MS; OK; TX
|
AL; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; ON
|
Discussion | In several early publications (for example, T. V. Munson 1909), Vitis mustangensis was known as V. candicans Engelmann ex A. Gray. M. O. Moore (1991) argued that the name V. candicans is ambiguous and not identifiable with any species based on the original description, making the more recent name V. mustangensis the valid and legitimate one for this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Hybrids between Vitis labrusca and V. vinifera, such as "Concord," are widely cultivated. The Concord grape is the result of crosses with V. vinifera as the maternal parent and V. labrusca as the paternal parent, with the F1 backcrossed with V. labrusca as the paternal parent (J. Wen, unpubl.). Vitis ×labruscana L. H. Bailey is the name applied to these hybrids between V. labrusca and V. vinifera, some of which have escaped from cultivation and become naturalized in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Utah, and western British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 10. | FNA vol. 12, p. 9. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. candicans var. diversa, V. mustangensis var. diversa | V. labrusca var. alba, V. labrusca var. labruscoides, V. labrusca var. rosea, V. labrusca var. subedentata |
Name authority | Buckley: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 451. (1862) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 203. (1753) |
Web links |