Vitis mustangensis |
Vitis girdiana |
|
---|---|---|
mustang grape |
desert wild grape, Southern California grape, Southern California or desert wild grape, Southern California wild grape |
|
Habit | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets subterete to terete, densely to sparsely tomentose, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets terete to slightly angled, tomentose, tomentum usually persistent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 1.5–4 mm; petiole 1/2–3/4 blade; blade cordate to nearly reniform, 6–14 cm, usually unlobed but sometimes 3-shouldered or deeply 3–5 lobed, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely white to rusty tomentose, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surface floccose to glabrate. |
stipules usually 3.5+ mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate, 5–10 cm, usually unlobed, sometimes 3-shouldered, rarely shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to densely tomentose, visible through hairs, adaxial surface sparsely to moderately tomentose, glabrescent. |
Inflorescences | 4–10 cm. |
8–18 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | usually black, sometimes dark red, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
dark purple to black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 4–6 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis mustangensis |
Vitis girdiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Woodland edges, fencerows, thickets, lowland woods, disturbed areas. | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. |
Elevation | 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.) | 10–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; LA; MS; OK; TX
|
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | In several early publications (for example, T. V. Munson 1909), Vitis mustangensis was known as V. candicans Engelmann ex A. Gray. M. O. Moore (1991) argued that the name V. candicans is ambiguous and not identifiable with any species based on the original description, making the more recent name V. mustangensis the valid and legitimate one for this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vitis girdiana is known from Inyo, Kern, and Santa Barbara counties and southward. It is morphologically very similar to and intergrades and hybridizes with V. californica in central California. Hybridization with V. vinifera is also probable, making identifications of some specimens quite difficult. Vitis girdiana intergrades also with V. arizonica in eastern Inyo and San Bernardino counties near the California-Nevada border. The V. californica-girdiana-arizonica species complex is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 10. | FNA vol. 12, p. 12. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. candicans var. diversa, V. mustangensis var. diversa | |
Name authority | Buckley: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 451. (1862) | Munson: Proc. Annual Meetings Soc. Promot. Agric. Sci. 8: 59. (1887) |
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