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canyon grape

chicken grape, fox grape, frost grape, vigne des renards, wild grape, winter grape

Habit Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. Plants moderate to high climbing, sparsely branched.
Branches

bark exfoliating in plates;

nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick;

branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves;

tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;

nodes not red-banded.

bark exfoliating in shreds;

nodal diaphragms 1–2.5 mm thick;

branchlets gray to green or brown, if purplish only on one side, terete, glabrous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves, glabrous or sparsely hairy;

tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;

nodes not red-banded.

Leaves

stipules 1.5–3 mm;

petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade;

blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous.

stipules 1.5–3 mm;

petiole ± equaling blade;

blade cordate, (5–)9–18 cm, usually unlobed or shallowly 3-lobed, sometimes deeply lobed on ground shoots, apex acute to short acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, glabrous, visible, veins and vein axils sometimes hirtellous, adaxial surface usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hirtellous.

Inflorescences

4–12 cm.

9–19 cm.

Flowers

functionally unisexual.

functionally unisexual.

Berries

black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp;

lenticels absent.

black, usually not, sometimes very slightly, glaucous, globose, 8–12 mm diam., skin separating from pulp;

lenticels absent.

2n

= 38.

= 38.

Vitis arizonica

Vitis vulpina

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct. Flowering May; fruiting Jul–Aug.
Habitat Stream banks, canyon bottoms. Upland forests, floodplain forests, woodland borders, prairies, fencerows, thickets, roadsides.
Elevation 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.) 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 13. FNA vol. 12, p. 15.
Parent taxa Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis
Sibling taxa
V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, V. californica, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. monticola, V. mustangensis, V. palmata, V. riparia, V. rotundifolia, V. rupestris, V. shuttleworthii, V. vinifera, V. vulpina, V. ×champinii, V. ×doaniana, V. ×novae-angliae
V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, V. arizonica, V. californica, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. monticola, V. mustangensis, V. palmata, V. riparia, V. rotundifolia, V. rupestris, V. shuttleworthii, V. vinifera, V. ×champinii, V. ×doaniana, V. ×novae-angliae
Synonyms V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei V. cordifolia, V. cordifolia var. sempervirens, V. illex, V. pullaria
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 203. (1753)
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