Vitis arizonica |
Vitis shuttleworthii |
|
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canyon grape |
Calloosa or leatherleaf or Florida grape, calloose grape |
|
Habit | Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. | Plants moderately high climbing, sparsely branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 2.5–6 mm thick, sometimes continuing halfway into internode; branchlets subterete to terete, densely to sparsely tomentose, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous. |
stipules less than 1 mm; petiole 1/2–3/4 blade; blade broadly cordate to nearly reniform, 4–12 cm, usually unlobed, sometimes 3-shouldered, infrequently deeply 3–5 lobed, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely white to rusty tomentose, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surface floccose to glabrate. |
Inflorescences | 4–12 cm. |
4–10 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
dark red to purple-black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis arizonica |
Vitis shuttleworthii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct. | Flowering Apr–early May; fruiting Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. | Well-drained pinelands, thickets. |
Elevation | 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
|
FL |
Discussion | Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vitis shuttleworthii is endemic to peninsular Florida and apparently is the closest relative of V. mustangensis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 13. | FNA vol. 12, p. 10. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei | V. coriacea, V. candicans var. coriacea |
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) | House: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 7: 129. (1921) |
Web links |