Vitis arizonica |
Vitis mustangensis |
|
---|---|---|
canyon grape |
mustang grape |
|
Habit | Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. |
Branches | bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets subterete to terete, densely to sparsely tomentose, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
Leaves | stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous. |
stipules 1.5–4 mm; petiole 1/2–3/4 blade; blade cordate to nearly reniform, 6–14 cm, usually unlobed but sometimes 3-shouldered or deeply 3–5 lobed, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface not glaucous, densely white to rusty tomentose, concealed (except sometimes veins) by hairs, adaxial surface floccose to glabrate. |
Inflorescences | 4–12 cm. |
4–10 cm. |
Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
Berries | black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
usually black, sometimes dark red, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 12+ mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
2n | = 38. |
= 38. |
Vitis arizonica |
Vitis mustangensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct. | Flowering Apr–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. |
Habitat | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. | Woodland edges, fencerows, thickets, lowland woods, disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.) | 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
|
AL; LA; MS; OK; TX
|
Discussion | Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In several early publications (for example, T. V. Munson 1909), Vitis mustangensis was known as V. candicans Engelmann ex A. Gray. M. O. Moore (1991) argued that the name V. candicans is ambiguous and not identifiable with any species based on the original description, making the more recent name V. mustangensis the valid and legitimate one for this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 13. | FNA vol. 12, p. 10. |
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei | V. candicans var. diversa, V. mustangensis var. diversa |
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) | Buckley: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 13: 451. (1862) |
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