The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

canyon grape

downy or sweet winter or graybark grape, graybark grape, parra silvestre, sweet grape

Habit Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. Plants high climbing, sparsely branched.
Branches

bark exfoliating in plates;

nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick;

branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves;

tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;

nodes not red-banded.

bark exfoliating in shreds;

nodal diaphragms 1.5–3.5 mm thick;

branchlets slightly to distinctly angled, densely hirtellous and/or sparsely to densely arachnoid, to glabrate, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves;

tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes;

nodes sometimes red-banded.

Leaves

stipules 1.5–3 mm;

petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade;

blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous.

stipules 1–3 mm;

petiole ± equaling blade;

blade cordate, 6–20 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, sparsely to densely arachnoid or glabrous, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils hirtellous, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy.

Inflorescences

4–12 cm.

10–25 cm.

Flowers

functionally unisexual.

functionally unisexual.

Berries

black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp;

lenticels absent.

black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 4–8 mm diam., skin separating from pulp, lenticels absent.

2n

= 38.

Vitis arizonica

Vitis cinerea

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct.
Habitat Stream banks, canyon bottoms.
Elevation 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ne Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 5 (4 in the flora).

Vitis cinerea var. tomentosa (Planchon) Comeaux is endemic to northeastern Mexico (B. L. Comeaux and J. Lu 2000).

Vitis cinerea is sometimes confused with V. aestivalis; see the discussion under that species. Vitis cinerea as defined here is highly variable and is in need of field studies and phylogeographic analysis, along with its tropical relatives V. biforma Rose and V. tiliifolia. Wan Y. et al. (2013) concluded that V. cinerea is not monophyletic.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Berries moderately to heavily glaucous; leaf blade abaxial surface sparsely hirtellous and arachnoid or glabrate.
var. helleri
1. Berries slightly glaucous; leaf blade abaxial surface sparsely to densely arachnoid, sparsely to moderately hirtellous, or glabrous.
→ 2
2. Branchlets densely hirtellous and arachnoid; leaf blade abaxial surface moderately arachnoid and hirtellous.
var. cinerea
2. Branchlets sparsely to densely arachnoid, not evidently hirtellous; leaf blade abaxial surface sparsely to densely arachnoid, not, or sometimes very sparsely, hirtellous.
→ 3
3. Branchlets sparsely to densely arachnoid; nodes usually not red-banded, sometimes so; leaf blade abaxial surface sparsely to densely arachnoid; se Coastal Plain.
var. floridana
3. Branchlets sparsely arachnoid, becoming glabrate; nodes usually red-banded; leaf abaxial surface glabrous or sparsely arachnoid; Piedmont and mountains.
var. baileyana
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 13. FNA vol. 12, p. 13.
Parent taxa Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis
Sibling taxa
V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, V. californica, V. cinerea, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. monticola, V. mustangensis, V. palmata, V. riparia, V. rotundifolia, V. rupestris, V. shuttleworthii, V. vinifera, V. vulpina, V. ×champinii, V. ×doaniana, V. ×novae-angliae
V. acerifolia, V. aestivalis, V. arizonica, V. californica, V. girdiana, V. labrusca, V. monticola, V. mustangensis, V. palmata, V. riparia, V. rotundifolia, V. rupestris, V. shuttleworthii, V. vinifera, V. vulpina, V. ×champinii, V. ×doaniana, V. ×novae-angliae
Subordinate taxa
V. cinerea var. baileyana, V. cinerea var. cinerea, V. cinerea var. floridana, V. cinerea var. helleri
Synonyms V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei V. aestivalis var. cinerea
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) (Engelmann) Millardet: Mém. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Bordeaux, sér. 2, 3: 319, 336. (1880)
Web links