Vitis arizonica |
Vitis cinerea |
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canyon grape |
downy or sweet winter or graybark grape, graybark grape, parra silvestre, sweet grape |
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Habit | Plants sprawling to low climbing, shrubby, much branched. | Plants high climbing, sparsely branched. | ||||||||||||
Branches | bark exfoliating in plates; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3 mm thick; branchlets slightly angled when young, becoming terete, arachnoid or arachnoid-floccose, sometimes glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, soon deciduous if not attached to support, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes not red-banded. |
bark exfoliating in shreds; nodal diaphragms 1.5–3.5 mm thick; branchlets slightly to distinctly angled, densely hirtellous and/or sparsely to densely arachnoid, to glabrate, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive nodes; nodes sometimes red-banded. |
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Leaves | stipules 1.5–3 mm; petiole 1/2 to ± equaling blade; blade cordate to cordate-ovate, 5–12 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, moderately to sparsely arachnoid, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils sometimes only hirtellous, adaxial surface sparsely arachnoid or glabrous. |
stipules 1–3 mm; petiole ± equaling blade; blade cordate, 6–20 cm, usually unlobed to 3-shouldered, sometimes 3-lobed, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface not glaucous, sparsely to densely arachnoid or glabrous, visible through hairs, veins and vein axils hirtellous, adaxial surface glabrous or hairy. |
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Inflorescences | 4–12 cm. |
10–25 cm. |
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Flowers | functionally unisexual. |
functionally unisexual. |
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Berries | black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 6–10 mm diam., skin separating from pulp; lenticels absent. |
black, slightly or not glaucous, globose, 4–8 mm diam., skin separating from pulp, lenticels absent. |
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2n | = 38. |
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Vitis arizonica |
Vitis cinerea |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jul–Oct. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Stream banks, canyon bottoms. | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 400–3000 m. (1300–9800 ft.) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ne Mexico
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Discussion | Vitis arizonica is variable and intergrades with V. girdiana in southern Nevada; it is in need of in-depth field and experimental studies. Some authors have recognized two varieties of this species (vars. arizonica and glabra), but the characters used to distinguish them intergrade so freely that their recognition does not seem justified. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 5 (4 in the flora). Vitis cinerea var. tomentosa (Planchon) Comeaux is endemic to northeastern Mexico (B. L. Comeaux and J. Lu 2000). Vitis cinerea is sometimes confused with V. aestivalis; see the discussion under that species. Vitis cinerea as defined here is highly variable and is in need of field studies and phylogeographic analysis, along with its tropical relatives V. biforma Rose and V. tiliifolia. Wan Y. et al. (2013) concluded that V. cinerea is not monophyletic. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 13. | FNA vol. 12, p. 13. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | Vitaceae > Vitis > subg. Vitis | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | V. arizonica var. galvinii, V. arizonica var. glabra, V. treleasei | V. aestivalis var. cinerea | ||||||||||||
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 2: 321. (1868) | (Engelmann) Millardet: Mém. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Bordeaux, sér. 2, 3: 319, 336. (1880) | ||||||||||||
Web links |