Viola villosa |
Viola ocellata |
|
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Carolina violet, southern woolly violet |
pinto violet, two-eyed violet, western heart's ease, western heart's ease or two-eyed or southern two-eyed violet |
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Habit | Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–15 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. | Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 2–37 cm. |
Stems | 1–3, ascending to erect, ± glabrous or usually puberulent, on caudex from shallow, fleshy rhizome or deep-seated caudex with fleshy roots. |
|
Leaves | basal, 4–9, prostrate to ascending; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 3–10 cm, densely pubescent; blade unlobed, reniform or ovate to elliptic, 1–8 × 1–5.5 cm, base cordate, margins serrate, ciliate, apex rounded to acute, mucronulate, surfaces densely pubescent. |
basal and cauline; basal: 1–6; stipules deltate, margins laciniate, apex usually long-acuminate; petiole 3.7–10 cm, puberulent; blade ovate, deltate, or subreniform, 1–6 × 1.2–4 cm, base usually cordate to subcordate, margins crenate, usually ciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces usually sparsely puberulent, glabrous early; cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate, margins ±fimbriate, sometimes stipitate-glandular, sometimes entire, erose, or ± laciniate; petiole 0.4–9 cm; blade ovate to deltate, 1.6–4.4 × 1.1–3.6 cm, base subcordate to truncate, margins crenate to ± serrate, ciliate, apex acute to obtuse. |
Peduncles | 4–10 cm, puberulent. |
1–10 cm, puberulent. |
Flowers | sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals light to dark blue-violet on both surfaces, lower 3 white basally and dark violet-veined, lateral 2 bearded, spur sometimes bearded, lowest 10–20 mm, spur usually white, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on ascending to erect peduncles. |
sepals lanceolate, margins ciliate, auricles 0.5–1.5 mm; petals white adaxially, upper 2 and sometimes lower 3 deep reddish violet abaxially, all with yellow area basally, lateral 2 with purple patch basally distal to smaller yellow area, bearded, lowest with yellow patch basally, purple-veined, 5–15 mm, spur yellow or greenish, gibbous, 1–2.5 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary. |
Capsules | ellipsoid, 6–10 mm, glabrous. |
spherical to spherical-ovoid, 5–11 mm, minutely scabrous. |
Seeds | beige, mottled to bronze, or dark brown, 1.5–2 mm. |
brown-purple, ca. 2 mm. |
2n | = 54. |
= 12. |
Viola villosa |
Viola ocellata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy, pine-oak and pine-oak-hickory woods and disturbed ground | Rocky areas, grassy banks, thickets, often on serpentine soil |
Elevation | 10–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 100–1100 m (300–3600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TX
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Much of the foliage of Viola villosa remains green throughout the winter (V. B. Baird 1942). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 163. | FNA vol. 6, p. 140. |
Parent taxa | Violaceae > Viola | Violaceae > Viola |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. alabamensis | |
Name authority | Walter: Fl. Carol., 219. (1788) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 142. (1838) |
Web links |