Viola trinervata
Viola quercetorum
3-nerve violet, desert pansy, Rainier or sagebrush or three-nerve violet, Rainier violet, sagebrush violet, three-nerve violet
goosefoot violet, goosefoot yellow violet, oakwoods violet
1–4, decumbent, ascending, or erect, ca. 1/2 subterranean, glabrous, from single, vertical, deep-seated caudex.
1–5, spreading to erect, leafy proximally and distally, usually elongated by end of season, puberulent to canescent, on caudex from subligneous rhizome.
basal and cauline;
basal: 1–7, palmately compound, leaflets 3–5;
stipules adnate to petiole, forming 2 linear-lanceolate wings, unlobed, margins entire, apex of each wing free, acute;
petiole 4.5–15 cm, glabrous;
blade reniform or ovate to ± orbiculate, 2–5 × 2.5–5 cm, coriaceous, base tapered, leaflets cleft or dissected into 2–3 elliptic, lanceolate, or oblanceolate lobes 2–7 mm wide, margins usually entire, eciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous (± glaucous), abaxial surface usually with prominent vein parallel to each margin;
cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate;
petiole 1–5.5 cm;
blade 1–3 × 2–4.5 cm.
basal and cauline;
basal: 1–6;
stipules adnate to petiole, forming 2 linear, membranous wings, each wing with lanceolate to ± deltate projection, margins entire or laciniate, apex usually long-acuminate or divided into narrow, filiform processes;
petiole 1.9–9.5 cm, puberulent;
blade usually grayish green to whitish, sometimes ± purple-tinted abaxially, green to grayish green adaxially, ± ovate to ± orbiculate, deltate, pandurate, or broadly brownish purple abaxially, lower 3 dark brown-veined, lateral 2 sparsely to densely bearded, lowest 10–16 mm, spur yellow to reddish brown, gibbous, 1–2 mm;
style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary.
1.1–7 cm, glabrous.
sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 0–1 mm;
petals: upper 2 often overlapping, dark reddish violet on both surfaces, lower 3 lilac, rarely white, lateral 2 bearded, with yellow patch basally and reddish violet patch distal to yellow patch, lowest 9–15 mm with yellow patch, dark reddish violet-veined, spur yellow, gibbous, 0.6–1.5 mm;
style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers absent.
ovoid, 7–12 mm, glabrous.
ovoid to ellipsoid, 8–12 mm, puberulent.
tan, 3.2–4.5 mm.
medium brown, ± 2.7 mm.
= 24.
Viola trinervata
Viola quercetorum
In some populations of Viola trinervata the lower three petals are white with a yellow area proximally (V. B. Baird 1942).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Herbarium specimens of Viola quercetorum and V. purpurea var. purpurea can be difficult to distinguish; pressing obliterates the undulate leaf margins of V. quercetorum. In Oregon, most collections of V. quercetorum are from yellow pine forests (A. Liston, pers. comm.).
Viola quercetorum hybridizes with V. douglasii (J. Clausen 1964).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
OR
WA
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
CA
