Viola trinervata
Viola prionantha
3-nerve violet, desert pansy, Rainier or sagebrush or three-nerve violet, Rainier violet, sagebrush violet, three-nerve violet
Japanese violet
1–4, decumbent, ascending, or erect, ca. 1/2 subterranean, glabrous, from single, vertical, deep-seated caudex.
basal and cauline;
basal: 1–7, palmately compound, leaflets 3–5;
stipules adnate to petiole, forming 2 linear-lanceolate wings, unlobed, margins entire, apex of each wing free, acute;
petiole 4.5–15 cm, glabrous;
blade reniform or ovate to ± orbiculate, 2–5 × 2.5–5 cm, coriaceous, base tapered, leaflets cleft or dissected into 2–3 elliptic, lanceolate, or oblanceolate lobes 2–7 mm wide, margins usually entire, eciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous (± glaucous), abaxial surface usually with prominent vein parallel to each margin;
cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate;
petiole 1–5.5 cm;
blade 1–3 × 2–4.5 cm.
basal, 6–22, ascending to erect;
stipules linear-lanceolate, margins remotely denticulate, apex acuminate;
petiole 1–13 cm, narrowly winged distally, glabrous or puberulent;
blade unlobed, oblong-ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or narrowly ovate, 1–4.5(–10) × 0.6–2(–4) cm, base usually truncate, sometimes ± cordate or broadly cuneate, margins crenulate, ciliate or eciliate, apex obtuse or ± acute, surfaces glabrous or puberulent.
1.1–7 cm, glabrous.
2.5–6 cm, glabrous, bracteoles near middle.
sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 0–1 mm;
petals: upper 2 often overlapping, dark reddish violet on both surfaces, lower 3 lilac, rarely white, lateral 2 bearded, with yellow patch basally and reddish violet patch distal to yellow patch, lowest 9–15 mm with yellow patch, dark reddish violet-veined, spur yellow, gibbous, 0.6–1.5 mm;
style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers absent.
sepals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm;
petals light violet or purple on both surfaces, rarely all white, lower 3 dark violet-veined, lateral 2 beardless or sparsely bearded, lowest 14–25 mm, spur pale to dark violet, elongated, 6–9 mm, tip hooked up;
style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers present.
ovoid, 7–12 mm, glabrous.
narrowly ellipsoid, 5–12 mm, glabrous.
tan, 3.2–4.5 mm.
dark brown, ca. 2 mm.
= 48.
Viola trinervata
Viola prionantha
In some populations of Viola trinervata the lower three petals are white with a yellow area proximally (V. B. Baird 1942).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
In 1952, plants of Viola initially identified as V. patrinii were collected and reported by C. T. Rogerson to be established in lawns on the campus of Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, where they are still found. S. B. Rolfsmeier recently determined that these plants are V. prionantha. R. B. Kaul reported that V. prionantha occurs along roadsides in Kansas and is also established in the floodplain of the North Platte River in Nebraska, where it was first collected by him in 1992.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
OR
WA
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
KS Wildflowers
