Viola rotundifolia |
Viola pubescens |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
early yellow or roundleaf yellow violet, round-leaf violet, roundleaf yellow violet, violette à feuilles rondes |
downy yellow violet, yellow forest violet |
|||||
Habit | Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 1–20 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. | Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 10–45 cm. | ||||
Stems | 1–3+, ascending to erect, leafless proximally, leafy distally, glabrous or puberulent, from subligneous rhizome. |
|||||
Leaves | basal, 2–5, prostrate to ascending, often overlapping basally; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 2–8 cm, pubescent; blade unlobed, orbiculate, reniform, or ovate, 2–12 × 1.5–9 cm, base cordate, margins crenate to serrate, sometimes glandular, ciliate or eciliate, apex rounded to acute, surfaces usually pubescent throughout or concentrated proximally on both surfaces. |
basal and cauline; basal: 0–4; stipules ovate to lanceolate, margins entire, coarsely toothed, or crenate, apex acute or obtuse; petiole 2.7–19.6 cm, lanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 0.1–0.5 mm; petals lemon-yellow on both surfaces, lower 3 brownish purple-veined, lateral 2 and sometimes others, bearded, lowest 8–18 mm, spur yellow to greenish, gibbous, 1–2.5 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary. |
||||
Peduncles | 1.5–7 cm, usually pubescent. |
|||||
Flowers | sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 0.5–1 mm; petals deep lemon-yellow on both surfaces, lower 3 brownish purple-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest 8–11 mm, spur yellow, gibbous, 1–2 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on prostrate or partially subterranean rhizomes or on racemelike, nonrooting, and usually leafless branches growing from rhizome apex. |
|||||
Capsules | ellipsoid, 5–10 mm, glabrous. |
ellipsoid, 8–12(–20) mm, glabrous or tomentose. |
||||
Seeds | beige, 1–2 mm. |
brown, 1.8–3 mm. |
||||
2n | = 12. |
= 12. |
||||
Viola rotundifolia |
Viola pubescens |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | |||||
Habitat | Rich montane forests and other mesic woodlands | |||||
Elevation | 200–2000 m (700–6600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CT; DE; GA; KY; MA; MD; ME; NC; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; ON; QC
|
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
|
||||
Discussion | N. H. Russell (1955b) stated that Viola rotundifolia is a primitive member of Viola and probably one of the ancestral species of stemmed yellow violets of North America. Russell (1965) stated that morphologically, V. rotundifolia is one of the most invariable violets and suggested that its nearest relative is V. orbiculata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Viola pubescens is similar in overall appearance to V. glabella. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 155. | FNA vol. 6, p. 149. | ||||
Parent taxa | Violaceae > Viola | Violaceae > Viola | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Crocion pubescens | |||||
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 150. (1803) | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 3: 290. (1789) | ||||
Web links |