Flora of North America species comparison

1–5, erect (later reclining), glabrous, on caudex from subligneous rhizome.

basal, 2–5, prostrate to ascending, often overlapping basally;

stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute;

petiole 2–8 cm, pubescent;

blade unlobed, orbiculate, reniform, or ovate, 2–12 × 1.5–9 cm, base cordate, margins crenate to serrate, sometimes glandular, ciliate or eciliate, apex rounded to acute, surfaces usually pubescent throughout or concentrated proximally on both surfaces.

basal and cauline;

basal: 1–5;

stipules mostly lanceolate-linear, margins usually laciniate with gland-tipped projections, apex acute;

petiole 1–9.5 cm, glabrous or puberulent;

blade reniform or ovate to deltate, 1.4–5.5 × 1.8–5.3 cm, base cordate, not decurrent on petiole, margins crenate or serrate, mostly eciliate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent adaxially near margin;

cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate to ovate, margins ± entire or laciniate, projections often gland-tipped, apex acuminate;

petiole 0.5–3.6 cm, glabrous;

blade narrowly ovate to orbiculate, 1.8–2.9 × 1.5–3.1 cm, base deeply cordate to truncate, margins regularly crenate, apex obtuse to broadly rounded or apiculate.

1.5–7 cm, usually pubescent.

5–9 cm, glabrous or pubescent.

sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 0.5–1 mm;

petals deep lemon-yellow on both surfaces, lower 3 brownish purple-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest 8–11 mm, spur yellow, gibbous, 1–2 mm;

style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on prostrate or partially subterranean rhizomes or on racemelike, nonrooting, and usually leafless branches growing from rhizome apex.

sepals lanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles not enlarged in fruit, 1–1.5 mm;

petals usually lavender-violet to violet on both surfaces, rarely white, lower 3 white basally, darker violet-veined, lateral 2 sparsely bearded, lowest 9–16 mm, spur white to pinkish violet, elongated, 4–8 mm, tip usually straight, sometimes curved up;

style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers unknown.

ellipsoid, 5–10 mm, glabrous.

ovoid to ellipsoid, 5–7 mm, glabrous.

beige, 1–2 mm.

beige to bronze, 1.5–2 mm.

= 12.

= 20.