Flora of North America species comparison

1–7, ascending to erect (often declining during anthesis), glabrous, on caudex from fleshy rhizome.

1–5, erect, ascending, or decumbent, glabrous or puberulent, on caudex from subligneous rhizome.

basal and cauline;

basal: 1–5;

stipules lanceolate, margins laciniate, apex acute;

petiole 1–9.6 cm, glabrous;

blade sometimes purple-spotted abaxially and/or adaxially, reniform to ovate, 1–4.5 × 1–4 cm, base broadly cordate to cordate, margins crenate to serrate, mostly eciliate, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces usually pubescent, mostly adaxially toward base, sometimes glabrous;

cauline similar to basal except: petiole 0.4–4 cm;

distal cauline blades ovate to deltate, 1–4.5 × 1–4 cm, base cordate, apex acuminate to acute.

basal and cauline;

basal: 3–5;

stipules subulate or lanceolate, margins fimbriate, apex acute to acuminate;

petiole 2.5–12 cm, usually glabrous, rarely puberulent;

blade ovate to reniform, 2.3–5.5 × 2.6–5.3 cm, base cordate to deeply cordate, margins crenate, eciliate, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous or sparsely puberulent, adaxial surface usually sparsely puberulent, sometimes glabrous;

cauline similar to basal except: stipules ovate or lanceolate, margins fimbriate, apex long-acuminate;

petiole 1.3–6 cm;

blade ovate or broadly ovate, 1.8–5 × 1.5–4.2 cm, apex acute.

5–9 cm, usually glabrous.

2.8–10 cm, glabrous, sometimes puberulent.

sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm;

petals pale lavender-violet on both surfaces, all white basally, lower 3 purple-black-veined, all beardless, lowest 8–20 mm, spur white, purple, or lavender-tinged, elongated, 10–20 mm;

style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers axillary.

sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate;

auricles 1.8–2.5 mm (enlarged in fruit);

petals violet on both surfaces, lower 3 usually white basally, rarely violet, dark violet-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest 13–17 mm, spur white, rarely violet, elongated, 5–7 mm, tip straight or hooked, blunt;

style head beardless (surface papillose); cleistogamous flowers axillary.

ellipsoid, 4–6 mm, glabrous.

ovoid or oblong, 8–12 mm, glabrous.

beige to bronze, 1.3–2 mm.

pale to light brown, 1.8–2.1 mm.

= 20.

= 40.