Viola pedatifida |
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crow-foot violet, prairie or crowfoot or larkspur violet, prairie violet, violette pédatifide |
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Habit | Plants perennial, acaulescent, not stoloniferous, 5–30 cm; rhizome thick, fleshy. |
Leaves | basal, 2–11, ascending to erect, 5–9-lobed; stipules linear-lanceolate, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 3–16 cm, pubescent; blade similar in width and shape, lobes lanceolate, spatulate, falcate, or linear, 1–7 × 2–8 cm, base truncate to reniform, margins entire, ciliate, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces pubescent, hairs sometimes concentrated on veins. |
Peduncles | 5–18 cm, glabrous or pubescent. |
Flowers | sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 1–2 mm; petals light to soft reddish violet on both surfaces, lower 3 white basally, dark violet-veined, lateral 2 and lowest usually bearded, lowest 10–25 mm, spur same color as petals, gibbous, 2–3 mm; style head beardless; cleistogamous flowers on ascending to erect peduncles. |
Capsules | ellipsoid, 10–15 mm, glabrous. |
Seeds | beige, mottled to bronze, 1.5–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 54. |
Viola pedatifida |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Prairies, grasslands, disturbed ground, dry gravelly hills |
Elevation | 500–1000 m (1600–3300 ft) |
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CO; IA; IL; IN; KS; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; OH; OK; SD; VA; WI; WY; AB; MB; ON; SK
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Discussion | Viola pedatifida was reported historically from, and recently rediscovered in, the Appalachian shale barrens of Virginia (T. Wieboldt, pers. comm.). Viola pedatifida reportedly hybridizes with V. sororia (= V. ×bernardii Greene). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 144. |
Parent taxa | Violaceae > Viola |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | V. delphiniifolia, V. palmata var. pedatifida |
Name authority | G. Don: Gen. Hist. 1: 320. (1831) |
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