Flora of North America species comparison

1–3, ascending to erect, usually glabrous, from shallow, fleshy rhizome.

1(2), erect, leafless proximally, leafy distally, glabrous or puberulent, from subligneous rhizome.

basal and cauline;

basal: 2–3;

stipules broadly ovate to deltate or long-lanceolate, margins often glandular (glands sessile or stalked), apex acute;

petiole 0.8–21 cm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent;

blade ovate to reniform, 0.9–5.8 × 1–6 cm, base cordate to ± truncate, margins crenate to crenate-serrulate, usually eciliate, apex rounded or acute to usually obtuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent on adaxial veins, seldom on abaxial veins;

cauline similar to basal except: stipules broadly ovate to lanceolate-oblong or deltate, apex acute to acuminate;

petiole 2.2–12.1 cm;

blade 1.9–4.2 × 1.8–5.9 cm.

basal and cauline;

basal: 0(–2);

stipules ovate, not leaflike, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous or puberulent;

petiole 9–11.5 cm, glabrous or puberulent;

blade unlobed, ovate, or 3–5-lobed, 4–5 × 1–5 cm, base cordate, margins entire or crenate-serrate, ciliate or eciliate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or ± puberulent;

cauline similar to basal except: restricted to distal ends of stems;

stipules ovate to oblong;

petiole 0.7–7.2 cm, glabrous or puberulent;

blade unlobed, ovate or deltate, or 3-lobed (if 3-lobed, lateral lobes falcate, middle rhombic, longer than others, lobes may appear petiolate; unlobed and 3-lobed leaves can occur on same plant), 1–6 × 0.5–5.5 cm, base truncate to cuneate, margins serrate, ciliate or eciliate, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

2.2–20.7 cm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent.

1.5–4 cm, glabrous or pubescent.

sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins eciliate, auricles 0.5–1.5 mm;

petals light to deep violet on both surfaces, lower 3 white basally and light to deep violet-veined, lateral 2 bearded, lowest 12–24 mm, spur white to violet, gibbous to elongated, 2–5 mm, usually less than 1/2 lowest petal, tip straight;

style head usually beardless, sometimes bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary.

sepals lanceolate to ovate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 0.1–0.5 mm;

petals lemon-yellow adaxially, upper 2, rarely others, brownish purple abaxially, lowest and usually lateral 2 brownish purple-veined, lateral 2 and sometimes lowest bearded, lowest 10–18 mm, spur yellow, gibbous, 0.5–2 mm;

style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary.

ovoid to oblong, 7.5–13 mm, glabrous.

ovoid to ellipsoid, 9–12 mm, glabrous.

dark olive to ± black, 2.5–2.8 mm.

beige, bronze, or brown, 2.4–3 mm.

= 12.

= 12.