Viola epipsila |
Viola ocellata |
|
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Canada violet, dwarf marsh violet, northern marsh violet |
pinto violet, two-eyed violet, western heart's ease, western heart's ease or two-eyed or southern two-eyed violet |
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Habit | Plants perennial, caulescent, not stoloniferous, 2–37 cm. | |
Stems | 1–3, ascending to erect, ± glabrous or usually puberulent, on caudex from shallow, fleshy rhizome or deep-seated caudex with fleshy roots. |
|
Leaves | basal and cauline; basal: 1–6; stipules deltate, margins laciniate, apex usually long-acuminate; petiole 3.7–10 cm, puberulent; blade ovate, deltate, or subreniform, 1–6 × 1.2–4 cm, base usually cordate to subcordate, margins crenate, usually ciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces usually sparsely puberulent, glabrous early; cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate, margins ±fimbriate, sometimes stipitate-glandular, sometimes entire, erose, or ± laciniate; petiole 0.4–9 cm; blade ovate to deltate, 1.6–4.4 × 1.1–3.6 cm, base subcordate to truncate, margins crenate to ± serrate, ciliate, apex acute to obtuse. |
|
Peduncles | 1–10 cm, puberulent. |
|
Flowers | sepals lanceolate, margins ciliate, auricles 0.5–1.5 mm; petals white adaxially, upper 2 and sometimes lower 3 deep reddish violet abaxially, all with yellow area basally, lateral 2 with purple patch basally distal to smaller yellow area, bearded, lowest with yellow patch basally, purple-veined, 5–15 mm, spur yellow or greenish, gibbous, 1–2.5 mm; style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary. |
|
Capsules | spherical to spherical-ovoid, 5–11 mm, minutely scabrous. |
|
Seeds | brown-purple, ca. 2 mm. |
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2n | = 12. |
|
Viola epipsila |
Viola ocellata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | |
Habitat | Rocky areas, grassy banks, thickets, often on serpentine soil | |
Elevation | 100–1100 m (300–3600 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; CO; MI; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; ON; YT; Europe; Asia |
CA; OR
|
Discussion | Varieties 2 (1 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 130. | FNA vol. 6, p. 140. |
Parent taxa | Violaceae > Viola | Violaceae > Viola |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Name authority | Ledebour: Index Seminum (Dorpat) 1820: 5. (1820) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 142. (1838) |
Web links |