Flora of North America species comparison

1–3, usually erect, sometimes prostrate or ascending, glabrous, from shallow, fleshy rhizome or deep-seated caudex with fleshy roots.

1–4, ascending to erect (often declining during anthesis), glabrous or pubescent, on caudex from fleshy rhizome.

basal and cauline;

basal: 2–6;

stipules lanceolate, margins entire or gland-toothed, apex acute;

petiole 4.5–9.8 cm, glabrous;

blade purple-veined, orbiculate-ovate to deltate, 1–4 × 2.7–3.8 cm, usually shiny, leathery, base cuneate, margins serrate, eciliate, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous;

cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate to ovate, margins entire or erose to lacerate, with or without gland-tipped processes, apex acute to acuminate;

petiole 0.5–20 cm;

blade usually rhombic, sometimes orbiculate, 0.9–2.6 × 0.7–1.8 cm, margins crenate to ± serrate, apex acute to obtuse.

basal and cauline;

basal: 2–6;

stipules lanceolate to narrowly deltate, margins laciniate, apex acute;

petiole 3–6 cm, glabrous or puberulent;

blade ovate to reniform, 2–7 × 1–2.5 cm, base cordate, margins crenate to serrate, ciliate or eciliate, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous or pubescent;

cauline similar to basal except: stipules lanceolate, margins laciniate;

petiole 3–7 cm;

distal blades ovate to deltate, 1–6 × 1–4 cm, base cordate, apex acuminate to acute.

1–10.5 cm, glabrous.

5–12 cm, glabrous or pubescent.

sepals lanceolate, margins eciliate, auricles 0.5–1 mm;

petals deep reddish violet abaxially, white adaxially, upper 2 sometimes with purple patch basally, lateral 2 with purple patch basally beyond smaller yellow area, usually bearded, sometimes beardless, lowest purple-veined with yellow area basally, 8–14 mm, spur yellow, gibbous, 1–2 mm;

style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary.

sepals lanceolate, margins ciliate or eciliate, auricles 2–3 mm;

petals white or cream on both surfaces, without yellow patch basally, lowest and usually lateral 2 purple-veined, lateral 2 and sometimes all densely bearded, lowest 10–18 mm, spur white, gibbous to elongated, 3–6 mm;

style head bearded; cleistogamous flowers axillary.

± spherical, 5–9 mm, glabrous.

ellipsoid, 6–7 mm, glabrous.

deep brown-purple, 2.1–3 mm.

beige to bronze, 1.5–3 mm.

= 20.