Viguiera cordifolia |
Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae subtribe Helianthinae |
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heartleaf goldeneye, mountain goldeneye |
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Habit | Perennials, 50–100 cm. | Annuals, perennials, subshrubs, or shrubs, (2–)20–500 cm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leaves | opposite (proximal) or alternate (distal); petioles 1–8 mm; blades ovate to deltate-ovate or lanceolate (distal), 2–10 × 1.3–7 cm, margins serrate or serrulate, faces strigose. |
usually mostly cauline, rarely mostly basal; mostly opposite (distal often alternate) or mostly alternate, rarely whorled; petiolate or sessile; blades (often 3- or 5-nerved) orbiculate or deltate to lanceolate or linear (and intermediate shapes), sometimes lobed, ultimate margins entire or toothed, faces usually hairy (often hispid to scabrellous), often gland-dotted. |
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Peduncles | 1–15 cm. |
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Involucres | 11–15 × 7–15 mm. |
cylindric to hemispheric or rotate. |
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Receptacles | usually flat or convex, sometimes hemispheric or conic, usually paleate (epaleate in Lagascea; paleae usually falling, sometimes persistent, mostly oblong to linear, often conduplicate, herbaceous to scarious, apices sometimes ± 3-lobed or -toothed; becoming hardened perigynia completely investing cypselae in Sclerocarpus). |
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Ray florets | 6–8; tubes 1.5–2 mm, laminae 9–19 mm. |
0 or 5–30(–100+), neuter, or styliferous and sterile; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes partly or wholly brown to purple or red-brown to reddish. |
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Disc florets | 40+; corollas 5.5–6.6 mm (staminal filaments glabrous). |
1 (Lagascea) or 10–200(–1000+), bisexual, fertile; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes brown to purple or reddish to red-brown, tubes shorter than or about equaling cylindric or funnelform throats, lobes 5, ± deltate (equal); anther thecae dark or pale; stigmatic papillae usually continuous. |
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Phyllaries | persistent, 4–45(–100+) in 1–6+ series (usually distinct, ± connate in Lagascea, broadly ovate to linear, subequal or unequal). |
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Calyculi | 0. |
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Heads | borne singly or 2–9 in ± corymbiform arrays. |
usually radiate, sometimes discoid, borne singly or in corymbiform (paniculiform or racemiform) arrays (glomerules or second-order heads of 1–2-flowered heads in Lagascea). |
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Cypselae | 5–6.5 mm, ± strigose; pappi of 2 lacerate, aristate scales 5–5.5 mm plus 2–4 lacerate scales 0.5–1.3 mm. |
often ± compressed, flattened, biconvex, clavate, columnar, obovoid, obpyramidal, or prismatic (lengths usually 1–2 times diams.), glabrous or hairy (faces and/or angles); pappi 0, or (often readily falling or fragile, sometimes persistent) usually of (1–)2(–8+) (sometimes aristate) scales and/or awns, sometimes coroniform. |
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Phyllary | apices gradually narrowed. |
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Paleae | 8–11 mm, apices acuminate, shortly cuspidate. |
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2n | = 34. |
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Viguiera cordifolia |
Asteraceae tribe Heliantheae subtribe Helianthinae |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Dry slopes and canyons, mostly pine forests and limestone soils | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 1300–2700 m (4300–8900 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
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Mostly subtropical; tropical; and warm-temperate New World |
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Discussion | Genera 17, species 363 (8 genera, 69 species, including 1 hybrid, in the flora). Circumscription of Helianthinae adopted here (i.e., that of H. Robinson 1981) is narrower than traditional circumscriptions (e.g., T. F. Stuessy 1977[1978]), which included genera here treated in Ecliptinae, Galinsoginae, and Rudbeckiinae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 173. | FNA vol. 21, p. 135. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Helianthinae > Viguiera | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | subtribe Lagasceinae | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 107. (1852) | Cassini ex Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 71. (1827) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |