Vicia sativa |
Vicia tetrasperma |
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common vetch, garden vetch, spring vetch, tare |
four-seed vetch, lentil tare, lentil vetch, slender vetch, smooth tare, sparrow vetch |
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Habit | Herbs annual. | Herbs annual, sparsely pubescent. | ||||
Stems | erect-ascending or climbing, slender to robust, 3–10 dm. |
sprawling or climbing, filiform, 1–5 dm. |
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Leaves | 3–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 8–14, blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or linear [obovate], 15–30 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, distinctly apiculate, surfaces hirsute. |
1–4 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 4–12, blades oblanceolate or elliptic to linear, 6–20 × 1–5 mm, apex acute to apiculate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely villous. |
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Inflorescences | usually (1 or)2(–4)-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
1–3-flowered, 1–3 cm, equal to or longer than subtending leaf rachis. |
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Flowers | 10–30 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, ± equal to tube; corolla violet-purple, lavender, or whitish, banner stenonychioid, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
3–6 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes unequal, longer than or equal to tube; corolla light purple to pale lavender, banner stenonychioid, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, sparsely pubescent apically. |
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Legumes | yellow to brown, or reddish brown to black, linear, 25–60 × 3–11 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe absent. |
yellow to light brown, oblong, 10–15 × 3–4 mm, tip rounded, stigma attached to center of curve, glabrous; stipe to 1 mm. |
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Seeds | 4–12, usually greenish gray to maroon or black, rarely yellowish white, globose or ± compressed, 3–5 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed. |
4, greenish gray to purplish black, subglobose, 1.5–2 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/5–1/4 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Vicia sativa |
Vicia tetrasperma |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, waste areas, woodlands. | |||||
Elevation | 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Australia]
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AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; ID; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile)]
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Discussion | Varieties 7 (2 in the flora). D. Zohary and U. Plitmann (1979) provided a detailed description of the morphological and genetic variation found within the Vicia sativa complex. Of the seven infraspecific taxa they described, two (vars. angustifolia and sativa) are cultivated as forage crops and widely introduced in the flora area. Variety angustifolia is an aggressive colonizer of cultivated and disturbed habitats. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vicia tetrasperma var. tenuissima Druce in the sense of M. L. Fernald (1950), and listed as a separate variety of V. tetrasperma, is considered here and by D. Isely (1990) as a synonym of V. tetrasperma. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Ervum tetraspermum | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) | (Linnaeus) Schreber: Spic. Fl. Lips., 26. (1771) | ||||
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