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common vetch, garden vetch, spring vetch, tare

bush vetch, hedge vetch

Habit Herbs annual. Herbs perennial.
Stems

erect-ascending or climbing, slender to robust, 3–10 dm.

erect or climbing, slender, 3–10 dm.

Leaves

3–8 cm;

tendrils simple or branched;

stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially;

leaflets 8–14, blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or linear [obovate], 15–30 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, distinctly apiculate, surfaces hirsute.

6–10 cm;

tendrils branched;

stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially;

leaflets 8–16, blades ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 20–35 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, abaxial surface sparsely pubescent, adaxial glabrous.

Inflorescences

usually (1 or)2(–4)-flowered, 0–1 cm.

2–7-flowered, to 1 cm, shorter than subtending leaf rachis.

Flowers

10–30 mm;

calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, ± equal to tube;

corolla violet-purple, lavender, or whitish, banner stenonychioid, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous;

style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially.

8–15 mm;

calyx base symmetric, lobes equal, shorter than tube;

corolla blue-violet and white, banner oblong, blade equal to claw, glabrous;

style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially.

Legumes

yellow to brown, or reddish brown to black, linear, 25–60 × 3–11 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent;

stipe absent.

black, elliptic, 20–35 × 5–8 mm, tip up-curved, glabrate;

stipe to 2 mm.

Seeds

4–12, usually greenish gray to maroon or black, rarely yellowish white, globose or ± compressed, 3–5 mm diam.;

hilum encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed.

3–6, yellowish, reddish, gray or greenish gray with blackish spots or entirely black, globose, 3–4 mm diam.;

hilum encircling 1/2–3/4 circumference of seed.

2n

= 12, 14.

Vicia sativa

Vicia sepium

Phenology Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Roadsides, old fields.
Elevation 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MA; ME; MI; NH; NY; PA; VT; WV; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Greenland; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 7 (2 in the flora).

D. Zohary and U. Plitmann (1979) provided a detailed description of the morphological and genetic variation found within the Vicia sativa complex. Of the seven infraspecific taxa they described, two (vars. angustifolia and sativa) are cultivated as forage crops and widely introduced in the flora area. Variety angustifolia is an aggressive colonizer of cultivated and disturbed habitats.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Flowers 18–30 mm; calyx lobes usually equal to tube; legumes yellow to brown, pubescent.
var. sativa
1. Flowers 10–18(–20) mm; calyx lobes usually slightly shorter than tube; legumes reddish brown to black, glabrous.
var. angustifolia
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia
Sibling taxa
V. acutifolia, V. americana, V. benghalensis, V. caroliniana, V. cracca, V. disperma, V. faba, V. floridana, V. grandiflora, V. hassei, V. hirsuta, V. lathyroides, V. leucophaea, V. ludoviciana, V. lutea, V. minutiflora, V. narbonensis, V. nigricans, V. ocalensis, V. pannonica, V. pulchella, V. sepium, V. tetrasperma, V. villosa
V. acutifolia, V. americana, V. benghalensis, V. caroliniana, V. cracca, V. disperma, V. faba, V. floridana, V. grandiflora, V. hassei, V. hirsuta, V. lathyroides, V. leucophaea, V. ludoviciana, V. lutea, V. minutiflora, V. narbonensis, V. nigricans, V. ocalensis, V. pannonica, V. pulchella, V. sativa, V. tetrasperma, V. villosa
Subordinate taxa
V. sativa var. angustifolia, V. sativa var. sativa
Synonyms V. sepium var. montana
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 737. (1753)
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