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common vetch, garden vetch, spring vetch, tare

purple vetch, reddish tuft vetch

Habit Herbs annual. Herbs annual or biennial.
Stems

erect-ascending or climbing, slender to robust, 3–10 dm.

sprawling or climbing, slender, 10–20 dm.

Leaves

3–8 cm;

tendrils simple or branched;

stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially;

leaflets 8–14, blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or linear [obovate], 15–30 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, distinctly apiculate, surfaces hirsute.

3–6 cm;

tendrils branched;

stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch;

leaflets 10–16, blades ovate-oblong to linear, 10–30 × 4–9 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces villous.

Inflorescences

usually (1 or)2(–4)-flowered, 0–1 cm.

2–12-flowered, 3–12 cm, equal to subtending leaf rachis.

Flowers

10–30 mm;

calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, ± equal to tube;

corolla violet-purple, lavender, or whitish, banner stenonychioid, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous;

style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially.

13–18 mm;

calyx base gibbous, lobes unequal, usually equal to tube;

corolla white at base, purple apically, banner pandurate, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous;

style compressed adaxially, pubescent apically.

Legumes

yellow to brown, or reddish brown to black, linear, 25–60 × 3–11 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent;

stipe absent.

tawny, narrowly oblong, 25–35 × 8–12 mm, oblique-tipped, densely villous;

stipe to 1–2 mm.

Seeds

4–12, usually greenish gray to maroon or black, rarely yellowish white, globose or ± compressed, 3–5 mm diam.;

hilum encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed.

4 or 5, velvety black with prominent white hilum, compressed-subglobose, 4–5 mm diam.;

hilum encircling 1/5 circumference of seed.

2n

= 14.

Vicia sativa

Vicia benghalensis

Phenology Flowering Apr–May.
Habitat Disturbed areas.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
s Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 7 (2 in the flora).

D. Zohary and U. Plitmann (1979) provided a detailed description of the morphological and genetic variation found within the Vicia sativa complex. Of the seven infraspecific taxa they described, two (vars. angustifolia and sativa) are cultivated as forage crops and widely introduced in the flora area. Variety angustifolia is an aggressive colonizer of cultivated and disturbed habitats.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Vicia benghalensis is cultivated as a cover crop along the Pacific Coast; it has become established in California. It can be distinguished from V. villosa by its pubescent fruits.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Flowers 18–30 mm; calyx lobes usually equal to tube; legumes yellow to brown, pubescent.
var. sativa
1. Flowers 10–18(–20) mm; calyx lobes usually slightly shorter than tube; legumes reddish brown to black, glabrous.
var. angustifolia
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia
Sibling taxa
V. acutifolia, V. americana, V. benghalensis, V. caroliniana, V. cracca, V. disperma, V. faba, V. floridana, V. grandiflora, V. hassei, V. hirsuta, V. lathyroides, V. leucophaea, V. ludoviciana, V. lutea, V. minutiflora, V. narbonensis, V. nigricans, V. ocalensis, V. pannonica, V. pulchella, V. sepium, V. tetrasperma, V. villosa
V. acutifolia, V. americana, V. caroliniana, V. cracca, V. disperma, V. faba, V. floridana, V. grandiflora, V. hassei, V. hirsuta, V. lathyroides, V. leucophaea, V. ludoviciana, V. lutea, V. minutiflora, V. narbonensis, V. nigricans, V. ocalensis, V. pannonica, V. pulchella, V. sativa, V. sepium, V. tetrasperma, V. villosa
Subordinate taxa
V. sativa var. angustifolia, V. sativa var. sativa
Synonyms V. atropurpurea
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753)
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