Vicia sativa |
Vicia pannonica |
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common vetch, garden vetch, spring vetch, tare |
Hungarian vetch |
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Habit | Herbs annual. | Herbs annual. | ||||
Stems | erect-ascending or climbing, slender to robust, 3–10 dm. |
erect, sprawling, or climbing, robust, 3–8 dm. |
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Leaves | 3–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 8–14, blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or linear [obovate], 15–30 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, distinctly apiculate, surfaces hirsute. |
4–8 cm; tendrils rudimentary or branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 10–20, blades obovate or oblong-elliptic to linear, 5–20 × 2–6 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, surfaces pilose. |
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Inflorescences | usually (1 or)2(–4)-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
2–4-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
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Flowers | 10–30 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, ± equal to tube; corolla violet-purple, lavender, or whitish, banner stenonychioid, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
14–20 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes unequal, abaxial lobe subequal to tube; corolla cream, sometimes with purplish tinge, banner oblong, blade subequal to claw, pubescent adaxially; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
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Legumes | yellow to brown, or reddish brown to black, linear, 25–60 × 3–11 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe absent. |
purple to black, elliptic, 20–30 × 7–11 mm, oblique-tipped, villous; stipe to 1–2 mm. |
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Seeds | 4–12, usually greenish gray to maroon or black, rarely yellowish white, globose or ± compressed, 3–5 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed. |
2–8, purplish, sometimes spotted black, globose to strongly flatted, 3–5 mm diam.; hilum whitish, linear, encircling 1/6–1/4 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 12. |
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Vicia sativa |
Vicia pannonica |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Pastures, meadows, roadsides. | |||||
Elevation | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Australia]
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AR; CA; CT; GA; ID; NC; OR; WA; c Europe [Introduced in North America] |
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Discussion | Varieties 7 (2 in the flora). D. Zohary and U. Plitmann (1979) provided a detailed description of the morphological and genetic variation found within the Vicia sativa complex. Of the seven infraspecific taxa they described, two (vars. angustifolia and sativa) are cultivated as forage crops and widely introduced in the flora area. Variety angustifolia is an aggressive colonizer of cultivated and disturbed habitats. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vicia pannonica is cultivated for forage and as a seed crop and has become locally established, particularly in Pacific Coast states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. ed. 2, 2: 393. (1769) | ||||
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