Vicia sativa |
Vicia grandiflora |
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common vetch, garden vetch, spring vetch, tare |
big-flower vetch, large yellow vetch |
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Habit | Herbs annual. | Herbs annual. | ||||
Stems | erect-ascending or climbing, slender to robust, 3–10 dm. |
sprawling or climbing, slender to robust, 3–6 dm. |
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Leaves | 3–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 8–14, blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or linear [obovate], 15–30 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, distinctly apiculate, surfaces hirsute. |
1–4 cm; tendrils branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 6–14, blades oblong to linear, 10–25 × 1–5 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, surfaces finely pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | usually (1 or)2(–4)-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
1–3-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
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Flowers | 10–30 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, ± equal to tube; corolla violet-purple, lavender, or whitish, banner stenonychioid, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
25–35 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes equal, 1/2–2/3 length of tube; corolla yellow suffused with violet, banner stenonychioid, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
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Legumes | yellow to brown, or reddish brown to black, linear, 25–60 × 3–11 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe absent. |
black, linear, 25–45 × 7–10 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrate; stipe absent. |
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Seeds | 4–12, usually greenish gray to maroon or black, rarely yellowish white, globose or ± compressed, 3–5 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed. |
ca. 15, brown with indistinct black spots, compressed-globose, 3–3.5 mm diam.; hilum raised, white, encircling 3/4 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 12, 14. |
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Vicia sativa |
Vicia grandiflora |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–May. | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, open woods, cultivated fields. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Australia]
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AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MS; NC; NJ; NY; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; c Europe; se Europe [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Varieties 7 (2 in the flora). D. Zohary and U. Plitmann (1979) provided a detailed description of the morphological and genetic variation found within the Vicia sativa complex. Of the seven infraspecific taxa they described, two (vars. angustifolia and sativa) are cultivated as forage crops and widely introduced in the flora area. Variety angustifolia is an aggressive colonizer of cultivated and disturbed habitats. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) | Scopoli: Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 65, plate 42. (1772) | ||||
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