Vicia sativa |
Vicia floridana |
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common vetch, garden vetch, spring vetch, tare |
Florida vetch |
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Habit | Herbs annual. | Herbs perennial. | ||||
Stems | erect-ascending or climbing, slender to robust, 3–10 dm. |
sprawling or climbing, filiform, 3–8 dm. |
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Leaves | 3–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 8–14, blades ovate-oblong, narrowly elliptic, or linear [obovate], 15–30 × 5–15 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, distinctly apiculate, surfaces hirsute. |
3–5 cm; tendrils simple; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 2–6, blades usually broadly elliptic to oblong or oblanceolate, sometimes linear, 7–18 × 2–8 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | usually (1 or)2(–4)-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
2–8-flowered, 2–5 cm, shorter to longer than subtending leaf rachis. |
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Flowers | 10–30 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, ± equal to tube; corolla violet-purple, lavender, or whitish, banner stenonychioid, blade shorter than or equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
5–6 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes equal, much shorter than tube; corolla white to bluish, banner pandurate, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed adaxially, pubescent apically. |
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Legumes | yellow to brown, or reddish brown to black, linear, 25–60 × 3–11 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe absent. |
brown to black, broadly oblong, 8–15 × 3–5 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous; stipe to 1–2 mm. |
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Seeds | 4–12, usually greenish gray to maroon or black, rarely yellowish white, globose or ± compressed, 3–5 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed. |
1 or 2, purplish black, compressed-globose, 3 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/2–3/4 circumference of seed. |
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Vicia sativa |
Vicia floridana |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–May. | |||||
Habitat | Moist soils, ditches, roadsides. | |||||
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, South America, elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Australia]
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FL; GA |
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Discussion | Varieties 7 (2 in the flora). D. Zohary and U. Plitmann (1979) provided a detailed description of the morphological and genetic variation found within the Vicia sativa complex. Of the seven infraspecific taxa they described, two (vars. angustifolia and sativa) are cultivated as forage crops and widely introduced in the flora area. Variety angustifolia is an aggressive colonizer of cultivated and disturbed habitats. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vicia floridana is distinguished from V. acutifolia by the broader leaflets (elliptic to lanceolate versus linear) and shorter (8–15 mm versus 20–25 mm) fruits. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 292. (1879) | ||||
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