Vicia ludoviciana |
Vicia cracca |
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deerpea vetch, Louisiana vetch, slender vetch |
American vetch, bird vetch, cat peas, cow vetch, tinegrass, tuft vetch |
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Habit | Herbs annual or winter annual. | Herbs perennial. | ||||||||
Stems | sprawling or climbing, slender to robust, 2–20 dm. |
sprawling or climbing, slender to robust, to 20 dm. |
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Leaves | 2–10 cm; tendrils branched; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 7–14, blades ovate to linear, 5–25 × 1–11 mm, apex acute to emarginate, surfaces glabrous or puberulent. |
2–8 cm; tendrils usually branched; stipules foliose, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 10–28, blades narrowly oblong or elliptic to linear, 10–25 × 2–8 mm, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrate to pilose. |
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Inflorescences | 2–19-flowered, 1–15 cm, or flowers 1, ± shorter than subtending leaf rachis. |
10–50-flowered, 4–20 cm, equal to or longer than subtending leaf rachis. |
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Flowers | 4–7 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, shorter than or equal to tube; corolla deep blue to bluish purple or pinkish white to light lavender, banner pandurate, blade equal to or longer than claw, glabrous; style compressed adaxially, pubescent apically. |
8–16 mm; calyx base symmetric to slightly gibbous, lobes unequal, pilose, lateral ones equal to tube; corolla usually blue-violet or purple, sometimes lilac or whitish, banner pandurate, blade equal to or longer than claw, glabrous; style compressed adaxially, pubescent apically. |
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Legumes | yellow to brown, flat, rhombic-oblong, 16–30 × 4–6 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous; stipe to 1 mm. |
tawny, broadly oblong, 15–30 × 6–8 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous; stipe to 1.5 mm. |
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Seeds | 4–8, brownish gray, mottled dark purple, subglobose to compressed-subglobose, 2.2–2.5 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/4–1/3 circumference of seed. |
4–8, dark grayish to purplish brown, sometimes mottled purple, globose to ellipsoid-ovoid, 2.5–4 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/5–1/3 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 12, 14, 21, 22, 28. |
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Vicia ludoviciana |
Vicia cracca |
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Distribution |
North America; n Mexico
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North America; Eurasia [Introduced in South America, Australia]
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). J. S. Lassetter (1984) showed that the taxa traditionally treated as Vicia exigua, V. leavenworthii, V. ludoviciana, and V. producta are morphologically confluent and part of one evolving species complex. Within the complex, there is a strong tendency toward cleistogamy in populations traditionally delimited as V. leavenworthii: styles and anthers are shorter and pollination takes place before flowers open and peduncles fully elongate. Lassetter treated cleistogamous populations as var. leavenworthii and all other populations as var. ludoviciana. J. S. Lassetter (1984), D. Isely (1998), and S. L. Broich (2007) presented more detailed treatments of vars. leavenworthii and ludoviciana, delimiting two races within var. leavenworthii and five races within var. ludoviciana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties ca. 5 (2 in the flora). Vicia cracca is part of a European species complex (P. W. Ball 1968) and may or may not be native to North America (F. J. Hermann 1960); it is distinguished from the similar V. villosa by a symmetric calyx base and banner blade length equal to claw. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Name authority | Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 271. (1838) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 735. (1753) | ||||||||
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