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pea vetch, spring vetch

Carolina or pale or wood vetch, Carolina vetch

Habit Herbs annual or winter annual. Herbs perennial.
Stems

erect or sprawling, slender, 0.5–3 dm.

sprawling or climbing, slender, 3–15 dm.

Leaves

1–2 cm;

tendrils simple;

stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, hastate, with nectariferous patch abaxially;

leaflets 4–8, blades ovate-obovate to elliptic-linear, 8–16 × 1–3 mm, apex acute to truncate-emarginate, apiculate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, hairs long.

2–8 cm;

tendrils mucronate on proximal leaves, simple or branched on distal leaves;

stipules much smaller than leaflets, ligulate, without nectariferous patch;

leaflets 10–24, blades elliptic-oblong or oblanceolate to linear, 10–30 × 2–6 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous or abaxial puberulent.

Inflorescences

undeveloped, 1(or 2)-flowered, 0–1 cm.

7–20-flowered, 3–10 cm, shorter to longer than subtending leaf rachis.

Flowers

5–8 mm;

calyx base symmetric, lobes equal, subequal to tube;

corolla violet, fading white, banner stenonychioid, blade longer than claw, glabrous;

style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially.

8–12 mm;

calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, shorter than tube;

corolla white with blue tip, banner pandurate, blade equal to or longer than claw, glabrous;

style compressed adaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially.

Legumes

dark brown to black, linear, 15–25 × 3–4 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous;

stipe absent.

reddish brown, narrowly oblong, 15–30 × 4–5 mm, obliquely long-tipped, glabrous;

stipe to 2 mm.

Seeds

6 or 7, reddish maroon, grayish brown, or blackish, quadrate, 1.5–2 mm diam.;

hilum minute.

5–8 violet brown to black, compressed-subglobose or subglobose, 2–4 mm diam.;

hilum encircling 3/4 circumference of seed.

2n

= 10, 12.

Vicia lathyroides

Vicia caroliniana

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun. Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Sandy grasslands, field edges, lawns, waste areas. Rich alluvial woodlands, woodland borders, roadsides, old fields.
Elevation 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; GA; MA; MS; NC; NH; SC; VA; WA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Vicia caroliniana possibly intergrades with V. acutifolia where their ranges overlap in Georgia and South Carolina (D. Isely 1990); V. caroliniana and V. pulchella, native to the American Southwest, are almost certainly related.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia
Sibling taxa
V. acutifolia, V. americana, V. benghalensis, V. caroliniana, V. cracca, V. disperma, V. faba, V. floridana, V. grandiflora, V. hassei, V. hirsuta, V. leucophaea, V. ludoviciana, V. lutea, V. minutiflora, V. narbonensis, V. nigricans, V. ocalensis, V. pannonica, V. pulchella, V. sativa, V. sepium, V. tetrasperma, V. villosa
V. acutifolia, V. americana, V. benghalensis, V. cracca, V. disperma, V. faba, V. floridana, V. grandiflora, V. hassei, V. hirsuta, V. lathyroides, V. leucophaea, V. ludoviciana, V. lutea, V. minutiflora, V. narbonensis, V. nigricans, V. ocalensis, V. pannonica, V. pulchella, V. sativa, V. sepium, V. tetrasperma, V. villosa
Synonyms V. hugeri
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) Walter: Fl. Carol., 182. (1788)
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