Vicia americana |
Vicia lutea |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American vetch, purple vetch |
smooth yellow vetch, yellow vetch |
|||||
Habit | Herbs perennial. | Herbs annual. | ||||
Stems | erect, trailing, or climbing, slender to stout, to 20 dm. |
erect, sprawling, or climbing, slender to robust, 2–6 dm. |
||||
Leaves | 2–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 8–18, blades ovate or elliptic to linear, 3–44 × 1–19 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, or apiculate, surfaces glabrous or finely pubescent. |
2–6 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 6–16, blades oblong to lanceolate-linear, 8–20 × 1–5 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, abaxial surface sparsely pubescent, hairs long, pustulose-based, adaxial glabrous. |
||||
Inflorescences | 3–9-flowered, 2–8 cm, shorter than or equal to subtending leaf rachis. |
1–3-flowered, 0 cm. |
||||
Flowers | 12–25 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, shorter than tube; corolla usually bluish purple, rarely white, banner oblong, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
18–25 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes unequal, abaxial lobe subequal to tube; corolla pale to bright yellow, banner stenonychioid, blade much longer than claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
||||
Legumes | tawny to brown, oblong, 25–39 × 5–9 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe to 4–5 mm. |
reddish black, elliptic, 25–35 × 7–14 mm, oblique-tipped, pilose, hairs tuberculate-based; stipe to 3–4 mm. |
||||
Seeds | number not known, olive-brown to deep violet-brown, subglobose, 3–4 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/4–1/3 circumference of seed. |
3–9, blackish and ± mottled, or velvety to entirely black, compressed-globose, 3 mm diam.; hilum whitish, linear, encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed. |
||||
2n | = 14. |
|||||
Vicia americana |
Vicia lutea |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering Apr–May. | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, fields. | |||||
Elevation | 0–500 m. [0–1600 ft.] | |||||
Distribution |
North America; n Mexico; e Asia
|
AL; CA; FL; LA; NC; OR; TX; c Europe; s Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America]
|
||||
Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). Vicia americana consists of a polymorphic assemblage of populations among which leaflet size, shape, and vestiture is variable. Intergradation is widespread. C. R. Gunn (1968) described two relatively distinct entities which may represent the extremes of a continuum of variation in some regions. Variety sinensis C. R. Gunn occurs in eastern Asia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Muhlenburg ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1096. (1802) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 736. (1753) | ||||
Web links |
|