Vicia americana |
Vicia americana var. minor |
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American vetch, purple vetch |
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Habit | Herbs perennial. | |||||
Stems | erect, trailing, or climbing, slender to stout, to 20 dm. |
erect, usually to 4 dm. |
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Leaves | 2–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 8–18, blades ovate or elliptic to linear, 3–44 × 1–19 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, or apiculate, surfaces glabrous or finely pubescent. |
often with simple tendrils; leaflet blades 20–40 × 2–5 mm. |
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Inflorescences | 3–9-flowered, 2–8 cm, shorter than or equal to subtending leaf rachis. |
3–4(–5)-flowered. |
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Flowers | 12–25 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, shorter than tube; corolla usually bluish purple, rarely white, banner oblong, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
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Legumes | tawny to brown, oblong, 25–39 × 5–9 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe to 4–5 mm. |
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Seeds | number not known, olive-brown to deep violet-brown, subglobose, 3–4 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/4–1/3 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 14, 28. |
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Vicia americana |
Vicia americana var. minor |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Sandy plains, dry prairies, pinyon-juniper woodlands. | |||||
Elevation | 500–2000 m. [1600–6600 ft.] | |||||
Distribution |
North America; n Mexico; e Asia
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AZ; CO; IA; KS; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OK; SD; UT; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; SK |
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). Vicia americana consists of a polymorphic assemblage of populations among which leaflet size, shape, and vestiture is variable. Intergradation is widespread. C. R. Gunn (1968) described two relatively distinct entities which may represent the extremes of a continuum of variation in some regions. Variety sinensis C. R. Gunn occurs in eastern Asia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vicia sparsifolia Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray 1838, not Tenore 1835, is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | V. americana var. angustifolia, V. americana var. linearis, V. americana subsp. minor | |||||
Name authority | Muhlenburg ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1096. (1802) | Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 157. (1831) | ||||
Web links |