Vicia americana |
Vicia grandiflora |
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American vetch, purple vetch |
big-flower vetch, large yellow vetch |
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Habit | Herbs perennial. | Herbs annual. | ||||
Stems | erect, trailing, or climbing, slender to stout, to 20 dm. |
sprawling or climbing, slender to robust, 3–6 dm. |
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Leaves | 2–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 8–18, blades ovate or elliptic to linear, 3–44 × 1–19 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, or apiculate, surfaces glabrous or finely pubescent. |
1–4 cm; tendrils branched; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 6–14, blades oblong to linear, 10–25 × 1–5 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, surfaces finely pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | 3–9-flowered, 2–8 cm, shorter than or equal to subtending leaf rachis. |
1–3-flowered, 0–1 cm. |
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Flowers | 12–25 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, shorter than tube; corolla usually bluish purple, rarely white, banner oblong, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
25–35 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes equal, 1/2–2/3 length of tube; corolla yellow suffused with violet, banner stenonychioid, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
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Legumes | tawny to brown, oblong, 25–39 × 5–9 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe to 4–5 mm. |
black, linear, 25–45 × 7–10 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrate; stipe absent. |
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Seeds | number not known, olive-brown to deep violet-brown, subglobose, 3–4 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/4–1/3 circumference of seed. |
ca. 15, brown with indistinct black spots, compressed-globose, 3–3.5 mm diam.; hilum raised, white, encircling 3/4 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 12, 14. |
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Vicia americana |
Vicia grandiflora |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–May. | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, open woods, cultivated fields. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; n Mexico; e Asia
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AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MS; NC; NJ; NY; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; c Europe; se Europe [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). Vicia americana consists of a polymorphic assemblage of populations among which leaflet size, shape, and vestiture is variable. Intergradation is widespread. C. R. Gunn (1968) described two relatively distinct entities which may represent the extremes of a continuum of variation in some regions. Variety sinensis C. R. Gunn occurs in eastern Asia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Muhlenburg ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1096. (1802) | Scopoli: Fl. Carniol. ed. 2, 2: 65, plate 42. (1772) | ||||
Web links |