Vicia americana |
Vicia faba |
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American vetch, purple vetch |
broad bean, broad or fava or horse bean, broad vetch, fava bean, horse bean |
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Habit | Herbs perennial. | Herbs annual. | ||||
Stems | erect, trailing, or climbing, slender to stout, to 20 dm. |
erect, stout, 5–20 dm. |
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Leaves | 2–8 cm; tendrils simple or branched; stipules much smaller than leaflets, semisagittate, without nectariferous patch; leaflets 8–18, blades ovate or elliptic to linear, 3–44 × 1–19 mm, apex obtuse to truncate-emarginate, or apiculate, surfaces glabrous or finely pubescent. |
1–7 cm; tendrils absent; stipules foliose, approaching leaflets in size, broadly semisagittate, with nectariferous patch abaxially; leaflets 2–6, blades elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, 40–100 × 10–30 mm, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | 3–9-flowered, 2–8 cm, shorter than or equal to subtending leaf rachis. |
2–4-flowered, to 1 cm, much shorter than subtending leaf rachis. |
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Flowers | 12–25 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes subequal, shorter than tube; corolla usually bluish purple, rarely white, banner oblong, blade equal to claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
20–30 mm; calyx base symmetric, lobes unequal, longer than tube; corolla white with purple mottling, banner stenonychioid, blade longer than claw, glabrous; style compressed abaxially, pubescent apically, tufted abaxially. |
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Legumes | tawny to brown, oblong, 25–39 × 5–9 mm, oblique-tipped, glabrous or pubescent; stipe to 4–5 mm. |
dark brown to black, linear, 80–200 × 10–30 mm, oblique-tipped, sparsely pubescent; stipe 1–2 mm. |
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Seeds | number not known, olive-brown to deep violet-brown, subglobose, 3–4 mm diam.; hilum encircling 1/4–1/3 circumference of seed. |
2–4, purplish, greenish, or black, sometimes spotted gray, globose and 7–9 mm diam., or strongly compressed and 12–35 mm diam.; hilum large, terminal, blackish, encircling 1/6–1/5 circumference of seed. |
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2n | = 12, 14. |
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Vicia americana |
Vicia faba |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, waste areas. | |||||
Elevation | 0–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; n Mexico; e Asia
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CA; CT; DC; MA; MD; ME; NY; OR; PA; VT; WA; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America] |
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (2 in the flora). Vicia americana consists of a polymorphic assemblage of populations among which leaflet size, shape, and vestiture is variable. Intergradation is widespread. C. R. Gunn (1968) described two relatively distinct entities which may represent the extremes of a continuum of variation in some regions. Variety sinensis C. R. Gunn occurs in eastern Asia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Vicia faba has been domesticated and is grown as a vegetable crop and for forage in temperate and subtropical areas worldwide. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Vicia | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Muhlenburg ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 3: 1096. (1802) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 737. (1753) | ||||
Web links |