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trilobed speedwell

Copeland's speedwell

Habit Annuals. Perennials.
Stems

decumbent, (5–)10–30 cm, ± eglandular-hairy.

ascending, unbranched, 5–15 cm, densely glandular-hairy.

Leaves

blade broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 3(–5)-lobed, central lobe 1/4–1/2 times length of whole leaf, (3–)5–10(–15) × (4–)6–12(–18) mm, ± fleshy, base truncate to subcordate, margins 3(–5)-lobed, apex acute, surfaces sparsely eglandular-hairy.

blade oblong-elliptic, (5–)10–15(–35) × 4–8 mm, base cuneate, margins entire, apex short-acuminate, surfaces hairy.

Racemes

1–10, terminal, (50–)100–300 mm, 5–20-flowered, axis sparsely eglandular-hairy;

bracts broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 3(–5)-lobed, (3–)5–10(–15) mm.

1, terminal, distalmost leaves often with 1 or 2 axillary flowers, 10–80 mm, (3–)5–15-flowered, axis glandular-hairy;

bracts lanceolate, 3–5 mm.

Pedicels

patent, deflexed in fruit, (2–)4–8(–10) mm, shorter than subtending bract, length 1–2 times calyx, glabrous abaxially, hairy adaxially.

erect, 5–8 mm, equal to ± longer than subtending bract, densely glandular-hairy.

Flowers

calyx lobes 4–5(–6) mm, apex acute, puberulent on abaxial surface, rarely glabrous, densely ciliate with 35–60 per side;

corolla deep blue with white center, 3–5 mm diam.;

stamens dark blue, length unknown;

style 0.5–0.9(–1.1) mm.

calyx 4(or 5)-lobed, lobes (1–)2–3 mm, apex obtuse, glandular-hairy;

corolla pale blue to purple, rotate, 8–10 mm diam.;

stamens 4–5 mm;

style 7 mm.

Capsules

± round in cross section, ovoid, 2.5–3(–3.5) × 4–5 mm, apex ± emarginate, glabrous.

compressed in cross section, broadly oblong, 5–6 × 3.5 mm, longer than wide, apex emarginate, glandular-hairy.

Seeds

(1–)4, dull yellowish brown, ellipsoid, often elongate-cuboidal, deeply urn-shaped (elaiosome inside), 2.2–2.8 × 1.5–2.2 mm, 1–1.4 mm thick, cristate to strongly rugose at margins.

number unknown, brown, ovoid, flat, 1–1.2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, thickness and texture unknown.

2n

= 18 (Eurasia).

= 18.

Veronica triloba

Veronica copelandii

Phenology Flowering (Feb–)Mar–May(–Jun). Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Disturbed sites. Subalpine meadows, alpine slopes.
Elevation 100–200 m. (300–700 ft.) 1900–2500 m. (6200–8200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OH; Europe (Balkans); Asia (Turkey) [Introduced in North America]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Veronica triloba is known in the flora area from three recent collections in California and Ohio; it is possibly more widespread than reported here. It is closely related to V. hederifolia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Veronica copelandii is sister to V. cusickii in the phylogenetic analysis by D. C. Albach et al. (2006). It occurs in the Klamath Ranges of northwestern California.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 316. FNA vol. 17, p. 310.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Veronica Plantaginaceae > Veronica
Sibling taxa
V. agrestis, V. alpina, V. americana, V. anagallis-aquatica, V. argute-serrata, V. arvensis, V. beccabunga, V. biloba, V. catenata, V. chamaedrys, V. copelandii, V. cusickii, V. cymbalaria, V. dillenii, V. filiformis, V. fruticans, V. grandiflora, V. hederifolia, V. longifolia, V. officinalis, V. peregrina, V. persica, V. polita, V. scutellata, V. serpyllifolia, V. spicata, V. stelleri, V. sublobata, V. teucrium, V. triphyllos, V. undulata, V. verna, V. wormskjoldii
V. agrestis, V. alpina, V. americana, V. anagallis-aquatica, V. argute-serrata, V. arvensis, V. beccabunga, V. biloba, V. catenata, V. chamaedrys, V. cusickii, V. cymbalaria, V. dillenii, V. filiformis, V. fruticans, V. grandiflora, V. hederifolia, V. longifolia, V. officinalis, V. peregrina, V. persica, V. polita, V. scutellata, V. serpyllifolia, V. spicata, V. stelleri, V. sublobata, V. teucrium, V. triloba, V. triphyllos, V. undulata, V. verna, V. wormskjoldii
Synonyms V. hederifolia var. triloba
Name authority (Opiz) Opiz: Naturalientausch 11: 467. (1826) Eastwood: Bot. Gaz. 41: 288, fig. 2. (1906) — (as copelandi)
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