Veronica triloba |
Veronica argute-serrata |
|
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trilobed speedwell |
bilobed speedwell, sawtooth speedwell, twolobed speedwell |
|
Habit | Annuals. | Annuals. |
Stems | decumbent, (5–)10–30 cm, ± eglandular-hairy. |
erect, (7–)10–20(–30) cm, eglandular- and/or glandular-hairy. |
Leaves | blade broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 3(–5)-lobed, central lobe 1/4–1/2 times length of whole leaf, (3–)5–10(–15) × (4–)6–12(–18) mm, ± fleshy, base truncate to subcordate, margins 3(–5)-lobed, apex acute, surfaces sparsely eglandular-hairy. |
blade lanceolate or elliptic, (6–)12–28(–35) × 3–12(–20) mm, base cuneate, margins serrate, teeth 4–7(–12) per side, apex acute, surfaces sparsely glandular-hairy or glabrate. |
Racemes | 1–10, terminal, (50–)100–300 mm, 5–20-flowered, axis sparsely eglandular-hairy; bracts broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 3(–5)-lobed, (3–)5–10(–15) mm. |
1–8, terminal, usually reduced and replaced by 2 pseudodichotomous racemes with additional axillary racemes, 80–150 mm, (5–)10–25(–35)-flowered, axis eglandular- and/or glandular-hairy; bracts lanceolate, 9–12 mm, proximals with margins serrate, distals sometimes entire. |
Pedicels | patent, deflexed in fruit, (2–)4–8(–10) mm, shorter than subtending bract, length 1–2 times calyx, glabrous abaxially, hairy adaxially. |
erect-patent to spreading proximally, deflexed distally, (3–)6–9(–12) mm, shorter than subtending bract, densely glandular- and eglandular-hairy. |
Flowers | calyx lobes 4–5(–6) mm, apex acute, puberulent on abaxial surface, rarely glabrous, densely ciliate with 35–60 per side; corolla deep blue with white center, 3–5 mm diam.; stamens dark blue, length unknown; style 0.5–0.9(–1.1) mm. |
calyx lobes (5–)6–8.5(–10) mm, apex acuminate-acute, pairs connate 0.8–1.1 mm, glandular- and eglandular-hairy, rarely sparsely hairy; corolla mostly intense blue with white center, 4–6 mm diam.; stamens 2.5 mm; style (0.7–)1–1.3(–1.7) mm. |
Capsules | ± round in cross section, ovoid, 2.5–3(–3.5) × 4–5 mm, apex ± emarginate, glabrous. |
slightly compressed in cross section, 3.5–5 × (4–)5–8 mm, apex emarginate, sinus angle 30–45(–60)°, densely eglandular- and glandular-hairy, rarely eglandular-hairy. |
Seeds | (1–)4, dull yellowish brown, ellipsoid, often elongate-cuboidal, deeply urn-shaped (elaiosome inside), 2.2–2.8 × 1.5–2.2 mm, 1–1.4 mm thick, cristate to strongly rugose at margins. |
4–10, yellowish brown, oblong to ovoid, cymbiform, 1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm, 0.8 mm thick, cristate, dorsally reticulate-verrucate. |
2n | = 18 (Eurasia). |
= 18, 42 (Asia). |
Veronica triloba |
Veronica argute-serrata |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–May(–Jun). | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites. | Bare soils, oak and juniper forests, steppes, alpine meadows, fields, stony slopes, streams, gardens, ruins, ruderal places, calcareous and siliceous soils. |
Elevation | 100–200 m. (300–700 ft.) | (600–)900–3000 m. ((2000–)3000–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OH; Europe (Balkans); Asia (Turkey) [Introduced in North America] |
CO; ID; IL; KS; MT; NE; NM; NV; NY; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
|
Discussion | Veronica triloba is known in the flora area from three recent collections in California and Ohio; it is possibly more widespread than reported here. It is closely related to V. hederifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Veronica argute-serrata has been recorded mostly under the name V. biloba and occasionally under V. campylopoda Boissier. Most of the records for V. biloba likely belong under this name. Veronica biloba is also found in the flora area, sometimes mixed with V. argute-serrata; V. campylopoda has not been recorded from the flora area. A chromosome count of 2n = 18 (C. R. Bell 1965) for American material is suspicious because 2n = 42 has been reported multiple times in Turkish plants, and a base chromosome number of × = 9 is not known in related species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 316. | FNA vol. 17, p. 321. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. hederifolia var. triloba | V. bornmuelleri |
Name authority | (Opiz) Opiz: Naturalientausch 11: 467. (1826) | Regel & Schmalhausen: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 626. (1878) — (as argute serrata) |
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