Veronica persica |
Veronica wormskjoldii |
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bird's-eye speedwell, bird-eye speedwell, large field or bird's-eye speedwell, Persian speedwell, véronique de perse |
alpine speedwell, American alpine speedwell, hairy speedwell, spring speedwell, thyme-leaf speedwell, wormskjold's alpine speedwell |
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Habit | Annuals. | Perennials. | ||||
Stems | creeping to decumbent, 10–50(–60) cm, eglandular-hairy. |
erect or ascending, light grayish green distally, unbranched, (3–)8–50 cm, sparsely to densely villous-hirsute, sometimes also glandular-hairy. |
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Leaves | blade suborbiculate, broadly ovate, or broadly lanceolate, (6–)9–18(–30) × (5–)8–15(–20) mm, base truncate, margins serrate, apex acute, surfaces sparsely eglandular-hairy. |
blade elliptic to lanceolate or oblong-ovate, 8–40 × 5–20 mm, base cuneate, margins entire, dentate, or serrate, apex short-acuminate, surfaces sparsely to densely villous-hirsute or glabrous. |
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Racemes | 1–6, terminal, 100–500(–600) mm, 5–30-flowered, axis eglandular-hairy; bracts suborbiculate or broadly ovate or broadly lanceolate, (6–)9–18(–25) mm. |
1, terminal, 5–40 mm, to 60(–150) mm in fruit, (2–)5–25-flowered, axis densely villous-hirsute and ± glandular-hairy; bracts linear to lanceolate, 1–8 mm. |
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Pedicels | spreading, deflexed in fruit, (12–)15–27(–38) mm, length 1–2(–3) times subtending bract, densely eglandular-hairy. |
erect, 2–10(–15) mm, ca. equal to subtending bract, densely villous-hirsute or glandular-hairy. |
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Flowers | calyx lobes (4.5–)5.5–8(–9.5) mm, (1.7–)2.4–3.6(–4.2) mm wide, apex acuminate, eglandular-hairy; corolla intense bright blue, 8–14 mm diam.; stamens 1.2 mm; style (1.5–)2–2.8(–3.2) mm. |
calyx lobes (2.5–)3–5.5(–7) mm, apex obtuse or acuminate, glabrous or densely glandular-hairy; corolla deep blue-violet or violet-purple to deep blue, rotate, 3–11 mm diam.; stamens 1–2 mm; style 0.8–4(–6) mm. |
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Capsules | compressed in cross section, broadly obcordiform, 4–6 × (5–)6–8.5(–9.5) mm, apex acute, sinus angle (80–)90–120(–150)°, reticulate with prominent veins, ± sparsely to densely eglandular- and/or glandular-hairy or glabrate. |
compressed in cross section, oblong-obovoid, 4–6(–8) × (2.8–)4–5.5 mm, ca. as long as wide, apex emarginate, usually densely glandular-hairy. |
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Seeds | (10–)12–18(–20), pale brownish yellow, ellipsoid to globular, cymbiform, (1.3–)1.4–2.3(–2.5) × (0.8–)0.9–1.6(–1.9) mm, 0.5–1 mm thick, cristate-rugose. |
10–50, straw colored, ellipsoid, flat, 0.7–1 × 0.4–1 mm, 0.05–1 mm thick, very minutely striate. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Veronica persica |
Veronica wormskjoldii |
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Phenology | Flowering (Jan–)Apr–Jul(–Dec). | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, lawns, fields, waste places. | |||||
Elevation | 0–500(–2000) m. (0–1600(–6600) ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Michoacán, Veracruz), Central America, South America, Eurasia, e Asia, Africa, Atlantic Islands, Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; ME; MT; NH; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; NU; ON; QC; YT
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Discussion | The names Veronica buxbaumii Tenore and V. tournefortii C. C. Gmelin (not V. ×tournefortii Villars) have been used for V. persica. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Veronica wormskjoldii occurs in two cytotypes, a diploid (2n = 18) in western North America and a tetraploid (2n = 36) in eastern North America and Greenland. As demonstrated by D. C. Albach et al. (2006), the tetraploid is likely to be a hybrid of the diploid V. alpina and V. wormskjoldii. In that publication, species rank was used for simplicity, not as a taxonomic conclusion. However, subsequent morphological analyses in conjunction with preparing this treatment revealed that the large variation in the diploid V. wormskjoldii, also supported by the large number of varieties established within that taxon, make it nearly impossible to differentiate the two North American taxa morphologically. In cases where two taxa are morphologically undifferentiable, but karyologically and genetically distinct and geographically clearly separate, the rank of subspecies seems more appropriate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 319. | FNA vol. 17, p. 309. | ||||
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Veronica | Plantaginaceae > Veronica | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | V. persica var. aschersoniana, V. persica var. corrensiana, V. tournefortii subsp. aschersoniana, V. tournefortii subsp. corrensiana | V. alpina subsp. wormskjoldii, V. alpina var. wormskjoldii | ||||
Name authority | Poiret: in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 8: 542. (1808) | Roemer & Schultes: in J. J. Roemer et al., Syst. Veg. 1: 101. (1817) — (as wormskjoldi) | ||||
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