Veronica arvensis |
Veronica argute-serrata |
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corn speedwell, speedwell, véronique des champs, wall speedwell |
bilobed speedwell, sawtooth speedwell, twolobed speedwell |
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Habit | Annuals. | Annuals. |
Stems | erect to ascending, 1–30(–40) cm, glandular- or eglandular-hairy. |
erect, (7–)10–20(–30) cm, eglandular- and/or glandular-hairy. |
Leaves | in 3–6 pairs per stem; blade oblong to broadly ovate, (2–)5–14(–35) × (2–)3–10(–18) mm, 2.5 times as long as wide, base truncate, margins crenate-serrate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces sparsely eglandular-hairy, rarely also glandular-hairy. |
blade lanceolate or elliptic, (6–)12–28(–35) × 3–12(–20) mm, base cuneate, margins serrate, teeth 4–7(–12) per side, apex acute, surfaces sparsely glandular-hairy or glabrate. |
Racemes | 1(–3), terminal, 20–150 mm, (5–)15–40(–60)-flowered, axis densely eglandular- and glandular-hairy; bracts linear-oblong, (3.5–)4–6(–10) mm. |
1–8, terminal, usually reduced and replaced by 2 pseudodichotomous racemes with additional axillary racemes, 80–150 mm, (5–)10–25(–35)-flowered, axis eglandular- and/or glandular-hairy; bracts lanceolate, 9–12 mm, proximals with margins serrate, distals sometimes entire. |
Pedicels | erect, 0–4 mm, shorter than subtending bract, densely eglandular- and glandular-hairy. |
erect-patent to spreading proximally, deflexed distally, (3–)6–9(–12) mm, shorter than subtending bract, densely glandular- and eglandular-hairy. |
Flowers | calyx lobes (2–)3.5–5(–6) mm, 0.8–2 mm wide, apex acute, glandular-hairy; corolla sky blue to intense blue, 2–4 mm diam.; stamens 0.3–0.5 mm; style (0.2–)0.4–0.6(–1) mm. |
calyx lobes (5–)6–8.5(–10) mm, apex acuminate-acute, pairs connate 0.8–1.1 mm, glandular- and eglandular-hairy, rarely sparsely hairy; corolla mostly intense blue with white center, 4–6 mm diam.; stamens 2.5 mm; style (0.7–)1–1.3(–1.7) mm. |
Capsules | compressed in cross section, obcordiform, 2–4 × 2.5–5 mm, apex markedly emarginate, glandular-ciliate, otherwise glabrous. |
slightly compressed in cross section, 3.5–5 × (4–)5–8 mm, apex emarginate, sinus angle 30–45(–60)°, densely eglandular- and glandular-hairy, rarely eglandular-hairy. |
Seeds | 10–30, yellowish, ovoid, flat, 0.7–1.7 × 0.4–1 mm, 0.2–0.4 mm thick, rugose. |
4–10, yellowish brown, oblong to ovoid, cymbiform, 1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm, 0.8 mm thick, cristate, dorsally reticulate-verrucate. |
2n | = 16. |
= 18, 42 (Asia). |
Veronica arvensis |
Veronica argute-serrata |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Jun(–Oct). | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, lawns, fields, open forests, scrub, grasslands, rocky sites, coasts. | Bare soils, oak and juniper forests, steppes, alpine meadows, fields, stony slopes, streams, gardens, ruins, ruderal places, calcareous and siliceous soils. |
Elevation | 0–2900 m. (0–9500 ft.) | (600–)900–3000 m. ((2000–)3000–9800 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; YT; Atlantic Islands; Pacific Islands; Greenland; Africa; Eurasia; Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, Central America]
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CO; ID; IL; KS; MT; NE; NM; NV; NY; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Veronica argute-serrata has been recorded mostly under the name V. biloba and occasionally under V. campylopoda Boissier. Most of the records for V. biloba likely belong under this name. Veronica biloba is also found in the flora area, sometimes mixed with V. argute-serrata; V. campylopoda has not been recorded from the flora area. A chromosome count of 2n = 18 (C. R. Bell 1965) for American material is suspicious because 2n = 42 has been reported multiple times in Turkish plants, and a base chromosome number of × = 9 is not known in related species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 317. | FNA vol. 17, p. 321. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Veronica | Plantaginaceae > Veronica |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | V. bornmuelleri | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 13. (1753) | Regel & Schmalhausen: Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 626. (1878) — (as argute serrata) |
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