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Texas ironweed

ironplant, plains ironweed

Habit Plants 4–8(–10+) dm. Plants 3–5(–8+) dm.
Stems

puberulent, glabrescent.

puberulent, glabrescent.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

blades ovate-lanceolate (basal) to narrowly lanceolate (distal), 5–12+ cm × (5–)12–25+ mm, l/w = 3–5 (basal) or 8–17 (distal), abaxially glabrate (pitted, awl-shaped hairs in pits), adaxially puberulent and/or scabrellous.

mostly cauline;

blades narrowly lanceolate to lance-linear, 5–15+ cm × (2.5–)8–12+ mm, l/w = 8–20(–30+), abaxially glabrate (pitted, awl-shaped hairs in pits), adaxially puberulent, glabrescent (sometimes pitted).

Peduncles

1–35 mm.

(3–)10–35 mm.

Involucres

± obconic to hemispheric, 4.5–6 × 5–7 mm.

narrowly campanulate, (7–)9–11 × 5–6 mm.

Florets

12–24+.

10–25+.

Phyllaries

35–45+ in 5–6+ series, glabrescent, margins arachno-ciliolate, the outer lance-deltate, 1–32 mm, inner oblong to linear, 4–5(–6) mm, tips acute or rounded-apiculate.

35–40+ in 5–6+ series, glabrescent, margins arachno-ciliolate, the outer lance-ovate, 1–2 mm, inner oblong to linear-oblong, 6–9+ mm, tips ± acuminate.

Heads

in open, paniculiform-scorpioid arrays.

in corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

2–3 mm;

pappi usually whitish to stramineous (rarely purplish), outer scales or bristles 20+, 0.3–1+ mm, contrasting or intergrading with 20+, 6–7+ mm inner subulate scales or bristles.

4–5 mm;

pappi stramineous to purplish, outer subulate scales or bristles 30+, 0.6–2+ mm, intergrading with 40+, 8–9+ mm inner subulate scales or bristles.

2n

= 34.

= 34.

Vernonia texana

Vernonia marginata

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug. Flowering Jul–Aug.
Habitat Pinelands, scrub oak woodlands, sandy or sandy-clay soils Ditches, sandy flats, stream banks
Elevation 60–200 m (200–700 ft) 600–2000 m (2000–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; LA; MS; OK; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; KS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 211. FNA vol. 19, p. 211.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia Asteraceae > tribe Vernonieae > Vernonia
Sibling taxa
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. marginata, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella
V. acaulis, V. angustifolia, V. arkansana, V. baldwinii, V. blodgettii, V. fasciculata, V. flaccidifolia, V. gigantea, V. glauca, V. larseniae, V. lettermannii, V. lindheimeri, V. missurica, V. noveboracensis, V. pulchella, V. texana
Synonyms V. angustifolia var. texana V. altissima var. marginata
Name authority (A. Gray) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1338. (1903) (Torrey) Rafinesque: Atlantic J. 1: 146. (1832)
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